CMPT 141.3 Practice Exam

An algorithm is a set of instructions for solving a problem. A recipe for baking a cake follows a specific sequence of steps to achieve the desired outcome.

Assigning an initial value to a variable before using it in calculations.

Dividing two integers and discarding the remainder.

Invoking a built-in function to perform a specific task, like finding the maximum value.

Calling a function to determine the length of a string (number of characters).

Combining two strings into a single string using the plus operator (+).

Converting a value from one data type to another (here, integer to floating-point).

Displaying text or values on the console (screen) using the print function.

This version calculates hours and minutes correctly and returns the formatted time as a string.

This version calculates hours and minutes, but converts them to strings and prints the formatted time.

This version takes user input for total minutes but doesn't use it correctly, causing an error.

This version calculates hours and minutes, converts to strings, and then prints the formatted time using 'print()'.

The greet() function takes a string argument, concatenates it to the greeting, and prints the final message.

The combine_digits() function takes two integers, converts them to strings, concatenates them, and returns the combined integer as a result.

The isdigit() method is a string object method that checks if a string consists only of digits.

To convert a string to an integer, the 'int()' function is used if the string consists only of digits.

The isdigit() method checks if a string contains only digits (0-9). It returns True if it does, otherwise False.

Importing a library allows you to use functions and classes defined in that library in your Python code.

Negative indices in Python string slicing count from the end of the string. -1 refers to the last character, -2 to the second-to-last, and so on.

The third parameter in Python string slicing specifies the step. A step of 4 means that the string is sliced taking every fourth character.

Logical operators combine boolean expressions to create more complex conditions. 'and' returns True only if both expressions are True. 'or' returns True if at least one expression is True. 'not' inverts the truth value.

if-elif-else statements allow you to execute different blocks of code based on different conditions. Code in the first 'if' block is executed if its condition is True. If the first condition is False, the 'elif' blocks are checked in order. If none of the conditions are True, the 'else' block is executed.

The scope of a variable determines where in the code it can be accessed. Variables declared inside a function have a local scope, meaning they can only be accessed within that function. Variables declared outside of any function have a global scope, meaning they can be accessed from anywhere in the code.

Conditional execution is a way to control the flow of a program based on different conditions. 'if' statements check a condition and execute different code blocks depending on whether the condition is True or False.