CMOS Inverter

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following scenarios best demonstrates the use of hypertext?

  • Creating a document with a consistent font style throughout.
  • Clicking on a link in an online article to learn more about a specific term. (correct)
  • Writing a handwritten letter with decorative calligraphy.
  • Reading a printed book from start to finish.

A designer wants to convey a sense of modernity and simplicity in a website. Which typeface would be most suitable?

  • San Serif (correct)
  • Script
  • Serif
  • Slab Serif

In which scenario would a Serif typeface be most appropriate?

  • Formatting the body text of a novel. (correct)
  • Creating a wedding invitation.
  • Designing a website with a minimalist aesthetic.
  • Designing a billboard advertisement.

A local bakery wants to create a sign that is both eye-catching and conveys a sense of tradition. Which typeface would be the LEAST appropriate choice?

<p>Plain Text (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which file format is commonly associated with storing font data for use on a computer?

<p>.ttf (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A website uses a variety of fonts, colors, and embedded images to create an engaging user experience. This is an example of:

<p>Formatted text. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A designer is creating an advertisement for a construction company and wants to convey strength and stability. Which typeface might be the most effective?

<p>Slab Serif (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is it generally recommended to use Script typefaces sparingly in design?

<p>They are difficult to read in large amounts of text. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the broadest term for the representation or style of text?

<p>Typeface (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which design element combines text and pictures to communicate a message?

<p>Graphic Design (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you wanted to communicate a wide range of emotions in a school flyer, which typeface would be most appropriate?

<p>Decorative (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is plain text called unformatted text?

<p>It has consistent appearance. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is referred to as the easiest way to communicate when lacking images or drawings?

<p>Texts (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do fonts express when used differently?

<p>Emotions or Meanings (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not an example of text information?

<p>Drawings (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of typeface is best used in wedding invitation cards or other formal events?

<p>Script (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you want to express your opinions or ideas widely, which element is best?

<p>Pictures (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is the best example of text as visuals?

<p>A digital advertisement with stylized text and images (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does text refer to?

<p>A simple and flexible format of presenting or conveying ideas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using pictures in communication?

<p>To express ideas, opinions, and sentiments (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Text

A simple and flexible format of presenting information whether hand-written, printed, or on-screen.

Text Information

Information communicated through text like signs, books, computers, smartphones, and menus.

Hypertext

Dynamic electronic documents that enable users to jump from one to another in a non-linear way.

Plain Text or Unformatted Text

Text with fixed characters having essentially the same type of appearance.

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Formatted Text

Text whose appearance can be changed using font parameters such as the font type, style, and color.

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Text as Visuals

The representation or style of text in a digital format, comprising of alphabets, numbers, symbols, and other special characters.

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Typeface

The representation or style of a text in digital format, also called font, font type, or type.

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Serif

Typeface that connotes formality and readability, commonly in books and newspapers.

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San Serif

Typeface that brings a clean, minimalist look, used for clear and direct meaning such as in road signs.

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Slab Serif

Typeface that carries a solid or heavy look, often used for advertising signs on billboards.

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Script

Typeface that draws attention because of its brush-like strokes, used sparingly for wedding invitations or formal events.

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Decorative

Typeface that caters to a wide variety of emotions or themes, such as celebration or holidays.

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Picture

Used to express ideas, opinions, and sentiments through photography, paintings, and drawings.

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Graphic Design

Combination of text and picture to communicate a message.

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Study Notes

  • Static CMOS inverters use a PMOS and an NMOS transistor in series.
  • The input voltage $V_{in}$ connects to the gates of both transistors while the output $V_{out}$ connects to the drains of both.
  • The PMOS source connects to $V_{DD}$ (high voltage), and the NMOS source connects to ground.

Truth Table

  • When $V_{in}$ is 0V, the NMOS is OFF and the PMOS is ON, resulting in a HIGH $V_{out}$ (1).
  • When $V_{in}$ is HIGH, the NMOS is ON and the PMOS is OFF, resulting in a LOW $V_{out}$ (0).

Voltage Transfer Characteristic (VTC)

  • VTC is a graph of $V_{out}$ as a function of $V_{in}$.

Important Parameters of VTC

  • $V_{OL}$ is the output low voltage.
  • $V_{OH}$ is the output high voltage.
  • $V_{IL}$ is the input low voltage.
  • $V_{IH}$ is the input high voltage.
  • $V_M$ is the switching threshold voltage, where $V_{out} = V_{in}$.
  • Noise margin high is calculated by: $N_{MH} = V_{OH} - V_{IH}$
  • Noise margin low is calculated by: $N_{ML} = V_{IL} - V_{OL}$

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