Cloud Storage & NoSQL Databases Quiz

<p>They can handle unstructured data. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Mounting virtual disks for Virtual Machine instances. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amazon EC2 Instance Store (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Implementing a clean shutdown. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NoSQL databases and state management techniques. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Order created but not validated (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Command/Query Responsibility Separation (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Increased complexity compared to a single database (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It synchronizes changes made locally with the cloud storage. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Create a microservice to materialize the view (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>By delaying responses through HTTP calls for up to 60 seconds. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NoSQL databases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Amazon EC2 and S3 object store. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To validate orders and check customer credit (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They handle information regarding files like ownership and chunk lists. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They are less flexible compared to on-demand SQL queries (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>4 MB (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>NoSQL databases (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>REST over HTTPS. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>SHA-256 hash. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Folders can be present in two users' spaces simultaneously. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To enhance load management by splitting database content across machines (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Join queries typically require merging data from several tables across instances (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It ensures no scalability for the database (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>They must go through a single replica site (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Data redistribution across all nodes occurs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A complex and application-specific sharding strategy (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Maintaining strict ACID properties during cross-shard queries (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Using a hash function based on primary keys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To cater to the different consistency needs of metadata and data (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>ACID transaction support (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Each microservice selecting the best database suited for its needs (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>All file chunks must be uploaded before the file is displayed (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Transactions help ensure no intermediate states are visible (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Scalability and elasticity (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Metadata is partitioned per user identifier (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Atomicity, Consistency, Isolation, Durability (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Traditional relational database (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Optimized query engines for complex queries (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Clients obtain a random extract of server IPs periodically (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Challenges with scalability (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aurora (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It allows for partitioning metadata per user on a single server (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Limits flexibility in database choice for microservices (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>It distributes connections in a round-robin manner (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A technique to distribute data from a single database across multiple machines for improved performance and scalability.

A method of horizontally scaling a database by splitting tables into multiple databases.

A software that splits incoming queries based on the data distribution and aggregates the results from different shards.

Typical method for splitting data in sharding, where data is distributed across shards based on a hash function applied to the primary key.

The challenging aspect of sharding where most queries involve multiple shards, hindering the optimization of query execution.

A replication technique where write operations are restricted to a single primary replica, suitable for read-intensive workloads.

The limitation of sharding where resharding requires data movement and can disrupt the system.

The problem faced in sharding when adding or removing a node, requiring data redistribution across all shards.

A pattern where the state of an application is managed by applying a sequence of events to a current state.

A microservice responsible for handling actions that modify the state of the application.

A microservice responsible for retrieving data from the system, often by building materialized views.

The separation of logic for commands (updating) from logic for queries (reading) in microservices.

A representation of the state of an entity within a microservice, typically containing data and behavior.

A specialized database designed for storing and querying events, often used in event-driven architectures.

The process of applying historical events to reconstruct the current state of an entity.

A method for managing state in microservices by storing a sequence of events that reflect changes to the application, allowing for replayability and auditing.

A method of distributing network traffic across multiple servers to balance workload and prevent server overload, commonly used in cloud environments.

A method of dividing data into smaller units (chunks/pieces) and distributing these chunks across multiple servers for efficient storage and retrieval.

A type of storage used for storing metadata (information about files, like their names, sizes, and locations) to ensure consistent and reliable data access.

A type of storage used for storing the actual data content of files, optimized for high data throughput and scalability.

Ensuring that all data changes are applied in a consistent and synchronized way, crucial for maintaining data integrity in distributed systems.

A database specifically designed for storing structured data in tables, commonly used for managing metadata in cloud environments.

A technology used for managing data access in cloud storage systems, by maintaining a list of available servers and routing requests to them.

The use of two different storage systems, a metadata store and a data store, to optimize for different storage needs in cloud environments.

A database that uses a different approach than SQL, often for unstructured or semi-structured data. Examples include MongoDB and Cassandra.

A software architecture where different components or services communicate with each other through well-defined interfaces, using protocols like HTTP or messaging. Services are independent and can be developed and deployed separately.

A database architecture where each microservice in an SOA can choose the most appropriate database for its specific needs, leading to a mix of different database technologies within a single application.

A characteristic of a database that ensures data remains consistent even in the face of failures or errors. It ensures operations are completed entirely or not at all.

A characteristic of a database that ensures data remains accurate and valid. It guarantees that any changes to the database follow predefined rules and constraints.

A characteristic of a database that ensures transactions do not interfere with each other. Each transaction is isolated and independent.

A characteristic of a database that ensures that data is preserved even if the system crashes or experiences failures. It guarantees that completed transactions are permanently recorded.

A cloud storage service that provides a personal file store, synchronizes with local copies on users' devices, and offers a web interface and developer API for third-party integration.

A feature that allows multiple users to access and modify the same folder, making collaboration seamless.

The Dropbox client application constantly monitors local folders for changes, sending any updates to the cloud. It uses a delayed HTTP call mechanism to ensure efficient communication.

Dropbox breaks large files into chunks of up to 4 MB, treating each chunk as an independent object with a unique SHA-256 hash. This allows for efficient storage and transfer of data.

Dropbox uses two separate infrastructures for metadata and data storage. Metadata servers manage information about files, such as owners, chunks, and access rights. Data servers store the actual file content.

Before 2016, Dropbox used Amazon EC2 and S3 object store for data storage. Later, they migrated to their own storage infrastructure. This earlier design using external cloud providers demonstrates the flexibility of cloud computing.

The interface between Dropbox clients and servers uses REST principles over HTTPS but isn't strictly RESTful. This provides a flexible communication protocol.

The Dropbox architecture involves a client application, metadata servers, and data servers, all interconnected through the Dropbox API.

Virtual disks attached to a VM, acting like a local hard drive or SSD. The guest operating system mounts the storage using a file system.

Temporary block storage that is attached to the host or available through a local SAN (Storage Area Network). Data is lost when the VM is shut down.

Persistent block storage that persists even when the VM is shut down or restarted. However, file system integrity requires a clean shutdown.

Relational databases (SQL) are known for their structured data organization and ability to handle large amounts of data. These databases are designed for scalability but can be more complex to manage.

Dropbox is a cloud storage service that utilizes a combination of techniques, including data replication and distributed file systems, to provide users with a reliable and shared storage solution. It exemplifies the benefits of cloud storage for data synchronization and collaboration.

State management addresses how different components of a distributed application retain and share information, ensuring that the application behaves consistently. Techniques include session management, data caching, and message queues.

Block storage is often used for storing OS, libraries and binaries of the application. Due to its local nature, it is not suitable for sharing application data.

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