Cloning Vectors and Transformation Techniques

A DNA sequence that initiates replication within a host cell. It controls the number of copies of the target DNA. A strong origin of replication will result in many copies.

A gene that confers resistance to a specific antibiotic, allowing identification and selection of transformed cells. It helps distinguish between cells that have taken up foreign DNA and those that haven't.

Specific sequences within a vector where foreign DNA can be inserted. They are recognized by restriction enzymes, allowing precise insertion.

The process of introducing foreign DNA into a host bacterium. Typically, resistance genes serve as markers for this process.

The process of creating multiple identical copies of a specific DNA sequence. This involves cutting and pasting the desired DNA into a vector, then introducing the combination to a host cell.

This method uses antibiotic resistance genes to differentiate between transformed cells and non-transformed cells. Recombinant cells with foreign DNA inserted will lose resistance to specific antibiotics, allowing identification.

A commonly used E. coli cloning vector containing genes for ampicillin and tetracycline resistance, as well as a strong origin of replication. It has multiple restriction sites for inserting foreign DNA.

The process of selecting for cells carrying the recombinant DNA. Only the cells that carrying the desired DNA with the foreign insert can grow in a specific antibiotic medium.