Clinical Shock Component 5
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Questions and Answers

Which type of shock is characterized by an acute loss of circulating blood volume?

  • Dissociative Shock
  • Hypovolaemic Shock (correct)
  • Distributive Shock
  • Cardiogenic Shock
  • Distributive shock can occur due to a spinal cord injury.

    True

    What is the most common cause of cardiogenic shock?

    Myocardial infarction

    Tension pneumothorax is a cause of ______ shock.

    <p>obstructive</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a common cause of distributive shock?

    <p>Acute heart failure</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Dissociative shock is caused by a decrease in the number of red blood cells available to carry oxygen.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Name one cause of hypovolaemic shock.

    <p>Severe haemorrhage</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the type of shock with its description:

    <p>Cardiogenic shock = Inadequate blood circulation due to heart issues Dissociative shock = Inadequate red blood cells for oxygen transport Hypovolaemic shock = Loss of blood volume Obstructive shock = Obstruction in blood flow to/from the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a cause of dissociative shock?

    <p>Severe dehydration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Tachycardia is a sign of shock.

    <p>True</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What should a conscious shock patient be positioned to help with their condition?

    <p>flat with head and shoulders slightly raised</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Signs of shock may include tachypnoea, pale cold extremities, and __________.

    <p>sweating</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Match the following signs of shock with their descriptions:

    <p>Tachycardia = Increased pulse rate Tachypnoea = Increased respiratory rate or depth Bradycardia = Decreased heart rate Delayed capillary refill = Slow return of blood to capillaries</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group of patients may not show abnormal vital signs until significant fluid loss occurs?

    <p>Young athletic/healthy people</p> Signup and view all the answers

    It is safe to allow a shock patient to eat or drink during treatment.

    <p>False</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What vital signs should be constantly observed in a patient suffering from shock?

    <p>pulse, level of consciousness, respiration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Types of Shock

    • Hypovolaemic: Caused by acute loss of circulating blood volume.
    • Distributive: Results from widespread dilation of peripheral vascular system.
    • Cardiogenic: Occurs when the heart cannot circulate sufficient blood.
    • Obstructive: Caused by interference in blood flow to/from the heart.
    • Dissociative: Involves impaired oxygen carrying capacity of blood.

    Hypovolaemic Shock

    • Triggered by severe hemorrhage (internal/external) resulting in total blood volume loss.
    • Can also stem from extensive burns leading to serum loss.
    • Severe diarrhea or vomiting leads to loss of water and electrolytes.

    Distributive Shock

    • Blood vessels become 'leaky', allowing fluids to enter interstitial spaces.
    • Common causes include anaphylaxis and sepsis.
    • Can be associated with nerve-related issues, such as spinal cord injury.

    Cardiogenic Shock

    • Most frequently follows myocardial infarction, where heart function is compromised.
    • Other causes include acute heart failure and arrhythmias.

    Obstructive Shock

    • Rare, caused by obstructions affecting blood flow such as:
      • Tension pneumothorax
      • Cardiac tamponade
      • Pulmonary embolism

    Dissociative Shock

    • Results from inadequate red blood cells to transport sufficient oxygen.
    • Conditions include anemia and carbon monoxide poisoning.

    Signs & Symptoms of Shock

    • Tachycardia: Increased pulse rate.
    • Tachypnoea: Elevated respiratory rate or depth.
    • Abnormal behavior: May exhibit agitation or confusion.
    • Physical signs: Dizziness, pale/cold extremities, delayed capillary refill.
    • Severe symptoms in Stage 4: Reduced level of consciousness and bradycardia.

    Noteworthy Observations

    • Certain demographics, such as young and athletic individuals, pregnant patients, and those on beta blockers may not show abnormal vital signs until significant blood volume loss (1,000ml-1,500ml) occurs.

    Management of Shock

    • Follow the RABCDE protocol: Assess for time-critical situations.
    • Administer high-concentration oxygen immediately.
    • If conscious, position the patient flat with head and shoulders slightly raised and consider elevating the lower limbs.
    • If unconscious, place the patient in a stable side position.
    • Address other injuries and control bleeding.
    • Maintain normal body temperature; avoid overheating or hypothermia.
    • Handle gently and provide constant reassurance.
    • Continuous monitoring of vital signs (pulse, consciousness, respiration) is essential.
    • Do not give anything by mouth due to potential need for anesthesia.
    • Ensure timely transfer to an appropriate medical facility and consider calling for paramedic assistance.

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    Description

    This quiz covers the types, causes, stages, and management of shock in clinical settings. It focuses on understanding the different forms of shock including hypovolemic, distributive, cardiogenic, obstructive, and dissociative. Test your knowledge and improve your clinical skills in recognizing and managing shock effectively.

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