Clinical Presentation of Acute Bacterial Meningitis
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Questions and Answers

What skin lesions are typically indicative of meningococcal involvement in bacterial meningitis?

  • Pustules
  • Petechiae (correct)
  • Ecchymoses
  • Urticaria
  • Which of the following is a common clinical sign of bacterial meningitis in young children?

  • Bradypnea
  • Bradycardia
  • Apnea (correct)
  • Hypertension
  • Which diagnostic marker in cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) is commonly altered in patients with meningitis?

  • Hemoglobin concentration
  • Cholesterol level
  • Glucose concentration (correct)
  • Creatinine level
  • In bacterial meningitis, which diagnostic method may provide rapid results but could be affected by prior antibiotic therapy?

    <p>Gram stain</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is considered the gold standard for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis?

    <p>CSF culture</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) techniques are particularly helpful in diagnosing CNS infections when?

    <p>After antibiotic administration</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the primary clue that the underlying pathogen is N. meningitidis in patients?

    <p>Presence of petechiae</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antimicrobial is recommended for penicillin-susceptible isolates of N. meningitidis in meningococcal meningitis?

    <p>Ampicillin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of therapy for meningococcal meningitis if there is a good clinical response?

    <p>7 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which cephalosporin antibiotics are recommended as the empiric treatment for meningococcal meningitis?

    <p>Cefotaxime and ceftriaxone</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What type of contacts should receive antimicrobial chemoprophylaxis for N. meningitidis?

    <p>Close contacts of infected individuals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the advantage of direct instillation of antibiotics intrathecally or intraventricularly for bacterial meningitis?

    <p>Higher antibiotic penetration due to increased meningeal inflammation</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might intraventricular delivery of antibiotics be necessary for meningitis treatment?

    <p>When patients have shunt infections that are difficult to eradicate</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antimicrobial agent is an exception in terms of penetration into the CSF?

    <p>Cefuroxime</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why may some anti-infective agents not achieve therapeutic levels against certain organisms in the CSF?

    <p>Higher MIC of target pathogens</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended duration of antibiotic therapy for meningitis caused by S.pneumoniae?

    <p>10-14 days</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When might PCR techniques be particularly useful for the rapid diagnosis of bacterial meningitis?

    <p>In cases where rapid identification of the pathogen is crucial</p> Signup and view all the answers

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