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Questions and Answers
What is a common initial treatment for patients diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes?
What is a common initial treatment for patients diagnosed with Type 1 diabetes?
- Diet modification alone
- Oral antihyperglycemics
- Insulin therapy (correct)
- Increased physical activity
Which symptom is typically NOT associated with Type 1 diabetes?
Which symptom is typically NOT associated with Type 1 diabetes?
- Blurred vision
- Weight gain (correct)
- Polydipsia
- Polyuria
Which of the following complications is associated with Type 2 diabetes?
Which of the following complications is associated with Type 2 diabetes?
- Ketonuria
- Acute diabetic ketoacidosis
- Infections of the skin (correct)
- Hypoglycemia
What is a characteristic feature of Type 2 diabetes in its early stages?
What is a characteristic feature of Type 2 diabetes in its early stages?
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What diagnostic criteria are commonly used for diagnosing Type 2 diabetes?
What diagnostic criteria are commonly used for diagnosing Type 2 diabetes?
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Study Notes
Type 1 Diabetes Clinical Picture
- Characterized by polyuria, an increase in urine volume due to high blood sugar levels.
- Polydipsia occurs, leading to excessive thirst and increased fluid intake, caused by dehydration.
- Patients may experience polyphagia, an increase in appetite due to insulin deficiency.
- Noticeable weight loss is common as the body breaks down fat for energy.
- Blurred vision may result from osmotic changes affecting the eye.
- Symptoms of oral or genital candidiasis may appear due to high glucose levels.
- Blood glucose levels are markedly elevated, confirming the diagnosis.
- Immediate treatment with insulin is crucial to manage the condition.
- Presence of glucosuria (glucose in urine) and ketonuria (ketones in urine).
Type 2 Diabetes Clinical Picture
- Often remains asymptomatic for extended periods, may go undiagnosed.
- Long-term complications may occur in individuals unaware of their diabetic status.
- Strongly associated with obesity, a key risk factor for this type.
- Symptoms may include thirst, polyuria, and skin/urinary tract infections.
- Blood glucose levels may be only mildly elevated, complicating diagnosis.
- Diagnostic criteria include fasting blood glucose levels and measurement 2 hours after an oral glucose tolerance test (75 g glucose load).
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