Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the association between increased urine bilirubin and indirect serum bilirubin?
What is the association between increased urine bilirubin and indirect serum bilirubin?
- They are associated with hepatitis (correct)
- They are associated with hemolytic reactions
- They are associated with bile acid transport disorders
- They are associated with Gilbert syndrome
What is hepatic encephalopathy associated with?
What is hepatic encephalopathy associated with?
- Toxic effects of alcohol on brain cells
- Hyperuricemia
- Increased blood ammonia levels (correct)
- Elevated serum bilirubin levels
What is hyperbilirubinemia associated with, but not with hepatic encephalopathy?
What is hyperbilirubinemia associated with, but not with hepatic encephalopathy?
- Alkalosis
- Hyperuricemia
- Hypercarbia
- Hypokalemia (correct)
In a patient with suspected lactose intolerance, what would fecal leukocyte screening indicate?
In a patient with suspected lactose intolerance, what would fecal leukocyte screening indicate?
What causes an increase in urinary urobilinogen seen with liver dysfunction and hepatitis?
What causes an increase in urinary urobilinogen seen with liver dysfunction and hepatitis?
What does an increase in indirect serum bilirubin indicate?
What does an increase in indirect serum bilirubin indicate?
What are hepatic encephalopathy symptoms characterized by?
What are hepatic encephalopathy symptoms characterized by?
What are unexpected findings in more severe pancreatitis?
What are unexpected findings in more severe pancreatitis?
What is a severe condition associated with hypothyroidism?
What is a severe condition associated with hypothyroidism?
What is the primary treatment for cerebral edema?
What is the primary treatment for cerebral edema?
What is the likely outcome for patients after radioactive iodine treatment for Graves disease?
What is the likely outcome for patients after radioactive iodine treatment for Graves disease?
What laboratory result elevation suggests a biliary cause of acute pancreatitis?
What laboratory result elevation suggests a biliary cause of acute pancreatitis?
What is a characteristic symptom of myxedema coma?
What is a characteristic symptom of myxedema coma?
What is the management option for varices?
What is the management option for varices?
What should be expected following radioactive iodine therapy for Graves disease?
What should be expected following radioactive iodine therapy for Graves disease?
What is evidenced by elevated serum amylase and lipase levels?
What is evidenced by elevated serum amylase and lipase levels?
What is a characteristic symptom of primary Cushing syndrome?
What is a characteristic symptom of primary Cushing syndrome?
What is the suspected cause of diabetic neuropathy?
What is the suspected cause of diabetic neuropathy?
What should patients undergoing high-dose oral glucocorticoid treatment be routinely evaluated for?
What should patients undergoing high-dose oral glucocorticoid treatment be routinely evaluated for?
What does an increased urine bilirubin indicate?
What does an increased urine bilirubin indicate?
What is a common manifestation of myxedema coma?
What is a common manifestation of myxedema coma?
What is a characteristic symptom of hepatic encephalopathy?
What is a characteristic symptom of hepatic encephalopathy?
What is indicated in patients with suspected enterocolitis?
What is indicated in patients with suspected enterocolitis?
Which of the following is not associated with diabetic neuropathy?
Which of the following is not associated with diabetic neuropathy?
What is the effect of high-dose oral glucocorticoid treatment on peptic ulcer disease risk?
What is the effect of high-dose oral glucocorticoid treatment on peptic ulcer disease risk?
What is associated with primary Cushing syndrome?
What is associated with primary Cushing syndrome?
What does no change in serum glucocorticoid level after an ACTH injection indicate?
What does no change in serum glucocorticoid level after an ACTH injection indicate?
What is myxedema coma associated with?
What is myxedema coma associated with?
What is the result of surgical removal of a gland?
What is the result of surgical removal of a gland?
What is increased urine bilirubin associated with?
What is increased urine bilirubin associated with?
Study Notes
Clinical Medicine Key Points
- Deficient neuronal insulin receptors and demyelination may play a role in diabetic neuropathy.
- Glucose competes with myoinositol for transport into cells, and the polyol pathway degrades glucose to sorbitol and fructose in nerves during hyperglycemia and insulinopenia.
- Elevated HbA1c is not associated with diabetic neuropathy, and deficient neuronal insulin receptors are not responsible for it.
- Focal ischemic lesions of the nerves may contribute to diabetic neuropathy.
- High-dose oral glucocorticoid treatment increases the risk of peptic ulcer disease due to the role of glucocorticoids in excess acid production and destruction of gastric mucosal defenses.
- Primary Cushing syndrome is associated with hyperglycemia, not hyperkalemia.
- No change in serum glucocorticoid level after an ACTH injection indicates primary adrenal insufficiency.
- Myxedema coma is a severe condition associated with hypothyroidism, characterized by altered mental state and edematous skin.
- Surgical removal of a gland results in hyposecretion, not hypersecretion, hyporesponsiveness, or tissue resistance.
- Increased urine bilirubin is associated with hepatitis, not hemolytic reactions or Gilbert syndrome.
- Hematemesis and profound anemia in a patient with a history of alcoholism indicate gastroesophageal varices, not ascites, cerebral edema, or hepatic encephalopathy.
- Hepatic encephalopathy is associated with increased blood ammonia levels and is positively correlated with elevated arterial ammonia levels. Hypotension, rigid abdomen, and absent bowel sounds in pancreatitis indicate peritonitis with a substantial risk for sepsis and shock.
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Description
Test your knowledge of clinical medicine with these key points covering diabetic neuropathy, glucocorticoid treatment, endocrine disorders, gastrointestinal conditions, and hepatic encephalopathy.
