16 Questions
What is the main risk factor for neonatal tetanus?
Using nonsterile instruments for cutting the umbilical cord
Which bacterium causes tetanus infection?
Clostridium tetanus
Where can spores of tetanus bacteria be found in the environment?
Animal waste
What prevents the direct entry of toxins into the central nervous system (CNS)?
The blood-brain barrier
In which type of wound can Clostridium tetani grow well?
A closed and well-oxygenated wound
What happens when Clostridium tetani enters the body through a wound?
It releases toxins into the blood stream and lymphatic system
Where are the toxins released by Clostridium tetani circulated to in the body?
Nervous system
What is the role of spores of tetanus bacteria in the environment?
They develop into bacteria when entering the body
What factor contributes to the high incidence of neonatal tetanus in low-income countries or districts?
Low immunization coverage
Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for neonatal tetanus?
Deliveries by healthcare professionals
What characteristic of Clostridium tetani makes it sensitive to heat and oxygen?
Anaerobic nature
Where are the spores of the tetanus bacteria commonly found in the environment?
Animal waste
How do spores of tetanus bacteria develop into bacteria in the body?
Upon entering the body
What is the mechanism by which toxins (Tetanospasmin) from Clostridium tetani affect the nervous system?
Circulate in the blood and lymphatic system
What type of wound provides a suitable environment for Clostridium tetani to grow and produce toxins?
Closed wounds with poor oxygenation
What role does the blood-brain barrier play in preventing the entry of toxins into the central nervous system (CNS)?
It acts as a filter to block toxins from entering the CNS
Explore the common clinical manifestations of different types of tetanus such as neonatal, generalized, localized, and cephalic tetanus. Learn about the symptoms including poor feeding, inability to suck or swallow, stiffness of the body, lock jaw, opisthotonus, and more.
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