30 Questions
What is the initial step in the laboratory testing process according to the text?
Sample drawn
Which type of blood is usually the specimen of choice for analysis?
Venous blood
What method is mainly used for blood gas analyses?
Arterial puncture
In what phase can laboratory practice be traditionally divided into?
Pre-analytical, Analytical, Phlebotomy
What role does phlebotomy play in patient care according to the text?
It aids in disease diagnosis, monitoring, and treatment.
Where should the phlebotomist wear personal protective equipment (PPE) according to the text?
Before specimen collection
Why should the tourniquet be released once blood flow is established during venipuncture?
To prevent hemoconcentration
What is the purpose of clenching the fist before venipuncture, according to the text?
Increase lactate, phosphate, and potassium levels in the blood
How can dehydration contribute to hemoconcentration?
By increasing the concentration of larger molecules in the blood
What is a common reason for sample rejection in laboratories, as mentioned in the text?
Use of unsuitable collection tubes
Why should clenching the fist be avoided before collecting specimens for clinical laboratory analysis?
It can alter blood composition and affect test results
What happens if a tourniquet is maintained for longer than 1 minute during venipuncture?
Relative hemoconcentration occurs
Where should a tourniquet be applied before venipuncture?
4-5 finger widths above the venipuncture site
What is the correct angle to enter the vein during venipuncture?
30-degree angle
When should the tourniquet be released during blood collection?
After blood is collected
How should sharps and broken glass be disposed of after blood collection?
In a sharps container
What should be done after withdrawing the needle during blood collection?
Apply pressure with a cotton ball and discard the needle
What is the appropriate duration for disinfecting the venipuncture site with 70% isopropyl alcohol?
30 seconds
What is the recommended method to prevent clot formation in blood specimens?
Mix tubes containing anticoagulants immediately after collection
Which potential pre-analytical error is addressed by ensuring proper blood-to-additive ratios?
Insufficient filling of tubes
What can happen if blood samples are not processed within 2 hours?
Potential for time-related variations in analyte concentrations
How can slow blood flow during collection be addressed to prevent pre-analytical errors?
Ensure adequate blood volume
What is the potential consequence of not following recommended processing times for blood samples?
Time-related variations in analyte concentrations
What role does proper patient instruction play in preventing pre-analytical errors?
Prevents inaccurate results due to lack of specific preparations
What is the major impact of an increased anticoagulant-to-specimen ratio on a specimen?
Dilution of the specimen
In the recommended order of draw for plastic vacuum tubes, which tube is used for preserving viability of microorganisms for microbiology testing?
Blood culture bottle (yellow-black striped tubes)
Which tube forms calcium salts to remove calcium in the process of blood collection?
Coagulation tube (light blue top)
What is the purpose of a serum separator tube (red-grey tiger top or gold) in blood collection?
Separate blood from serum on centrifugation
Which anticoagulant is present in a PST tube (light green top) and separates plasma with a gel at the bottom of the tube?
Lithium heparin
Which tube contains sodium fluoride and potassium oxalate, serving as an antiglycolytic agent to preserve glucose for up to five days?
Light grey top tube (Oxalate/fluoride)
Test your knowledge on the recommended order of draw for plastic vacuum tubes and the impact of an increased anticoagulant-to-specimen ratio on various laboratory parameters like Electrolytes, Minerals, and pH.
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