Clinical Internal Medicine 2019-2020 Endocrine
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Questions and Answers

Qual es un causa de goiter euthyroid?

  • Thyroiditis autoimmune
  • Hypothyroidism primari
  • Pubertate (correct)
  • Deficiencia de ioduro

Qual es un causa de hyperthyroidism con goiter?

  • Thyroiditis autoimmune
  • Grave's disease (correct)
  • Atrophic thyroiditis
  • Iodine deficiencia

Qual de le sequente non causa goiter?

  • Toxic multi nodular goiter
  • Grave's disease
  • Hashimoto thyroiditis
  • Atrophic thyroiditis (correct)

Qual condition resulta in goiter endemic?

<p>Deficiencia de ioduro (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual de le sequente es un causa de goiter hypothyroid?

<p>Hashimoto thyroiditis (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quale de le sequente descriptiones corresponde a un nodulo solitari toxic?

<p>Consistentia firme (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quale affirmation indica un proximo signo de la malediction de Graves?

<p>Superficie suave (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual es un manifestation neurologic associate con acromegalia?

<p>Bitemporal hemianopia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cual caracteristica non refere a un nodulo toxic?

<p>Tenderness presente (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Cual dimension es presentate como exemplo pro un nodulo?

<p>3 x 5 cm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Que causa le paresthesia in le manos e pedes in casos de acromegalia?

<p>Neuropatia diabetica (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quale categorization representa un nodulo toxic tendente a immediate malediction?

<p>Nodulo toxic solitari (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual es le hypotesi que explica le distribution del neuropatia in acromegalia?

<p>Hypotesi de guanto e stocking (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quae manifestation es specifica per le atrophia optica in le contexto de acromegalia?

<p>Diminution de visibilitate total (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual es un effecte potenzial del syndrome de tunnel in le contextu de acromegalia?

<p>Provocar paresthesia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual es le differentia inter hypertrichosis e hirsutism?

<p>Hypertrichosis es un excess de pilositate normal mentre que hirsutism es pilositate abnormal in feminas. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual condition es le plus commun associate con hirsutism in feminas?

<p>Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual tipo de pilositate caracteriza hypertrichosis?

<p>Pilositate normal in un excess. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quale es le cancer plus commun associate con acromegalia?

<p>Cancer de intestino (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual es le causa principal de hirsutism in feminas?

<p>Excess de hormonas masculinas (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual es le definition de 'bone age'?

<p>Le comparation del age osseose per age chronological. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual condition non contribui a un delayed bone age?

<p>Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual es un resultato possibile de un advanced bone age?

<p>Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual es le effectos de un normal bone age in le diagnosis de short stature?

<p>Exclude causas endocrinal. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Qual es un factor non asociato con delayed bone age?

<p>Congenital adrenal hyperplasia (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quale de le causas contribuisce a le stature curte con pubertate tardive?

<p>Stature curte constitucional (A), Defectos chromosomales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quale hormona es le plus importante pro le crescentia intrauterina?

<p>Insulina (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quale factor non afecta le crescentia postnatal?

<p>Curta durata de lactantia (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quale effecto resulta de un augmento de glucocorticoides?

<p>Inhibet le secretion de IGF-1 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Le differente inter le stature curte constitucional e le stature curte genetic es?

<p>Le stature curte constitutional es un variation normal (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quale de le factores es considerabile un factor endocrinal postnatal?

<p>Hormonas sexuales (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Quales de le mesuranes es appropriati pro evaluar le crescentia?

<p>Criterios de Tanner pro le sexual (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Que deficiency puede influenciar le action de le hormona de crescentia?

<p>Deficiency de zinc (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Tamanho del glandula thyroid

Mesura del glandula thyroid in le corpore.

Superficie del glandula thyroid

Le superficie del glandula thyroid debe esser lisse.

Dolore del glandula thyroid

Si le glandula thyroid es dolorose al tacto, isto significa que illo pote esser inflammat.

Consistentia del glandula thyroid

Le consistentia del glandula thyroid, qual es su textura?

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Glandula thyroid molle

Un glandula thyroid molle es un signo de morbo de Graves.

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Hypertrichosis

Excesse de pilo normal, que pote occurrer in le corpore.

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Hirsutism

Pilo abnormal que occurre in feminas, a vices associate con syndrome de ovarios polycystico.

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Quale es le causa de goiter euthyroid?

Un aumento del glandula thyroid que non causa cambias in le function thyroidal.

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Quale es le causa de goiter hyperthyroid?

Un tipo de goiter causate per un excesso de hormon thyroidal.

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Quale es le causa de goiter hypothyroid?

Un tipo de goiter causate per un deficiencia de hormon thyroidal.

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Quale es le characteristicas de goiter euthyroid?

Un condition in que le glandula thyroid es grande e non functiona correctemente, ma non produce un exceso de hormon thyroidal.

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Quale es le characteristicas de goiter hyperthyroid?

Un condition in que le glandula thyroid es grande e produce un exceso de hormon thyroidal, causante symptomas como perdita de peso, nervositate e palpitations.

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Etate osse

Le etate osse varie comparate al etate chronologic. Un etate osse normal exclude causas endocrin de statura basse.

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Etate osse retardate

Un etate osse retardate pote esser causate per factores como constitutional, malnutrition, hypothyroidismo, o hypopituitarismo.

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Etate osse avanzate

Un etate osse avanzate pote esser causate per hyperplasi adrenal congenital.

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Etate osse vs. etate chronologic

Le etate osse es un mesura del maturation del skelette, que pote differer del etate chronologic.

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Importantia del etate osse

Le etate osse es un indicator importante pro diagnosticar e tractar problemas de crescimento e developpamento.

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Neuropathia peripheral in acromegalia

Un genere de neuropathia que affecta le manus e pedes, causante sensationes anormal, como formication o numbness. Le sensationes se extende a partir del manus o pedes como un guante o un calcet.

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Syndrom de tunnel in acromegalia

Un syndrome causate per compression de un nervo in un tunnel anatomic, resultante in paresthesia, dolor e/o debilitate.

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Neuropathia diabetic in acromegalia

Un typo de neuropathia que se manifesta in personas con diabetes, causante paresthesia, dolor e debilitatemusculare, specialmente in le manus, pedes e gambe.

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Atrophia optic in acromegalia

Degeneration del nervo optic, un stat de perdita de visione causate per pression excessive.

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Hemianopia bitemporal in acromegalia

Un typo de perdita de visione in le qual le persona non pote vider le partes del campo visual lateral.

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Statura basse constitutional

Un variation normal del crescimento, sin historia familial de statura basse, e un retardation constitutional del pubertate. Le personas con iste condition es typicamente magre e moderatamente basse.

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Panhypopituitarismo

Un condition characterisate per un production insufficient de hormonas de crescimento per le glandula pituitari.

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Le rolo del hormona de crescimento (GH) in le crescimento

Le hormonas de crescimento (GH) es essential pro le crescimento normal. Le deficiency de GH pote resultar in statura basse.

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Effecto del glucocorticoides sur le crescimento

Le glucocorticoides es hormonas que regula le stress e inflammation. Nivellos alte de glucocorticoides pote interferer con le secretion de GH e IGF-1, resultante in statura basse.

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Le rolo del zinc in le crescimento

Le zinc es un elemento essential pro le function del hormona de crescimento. Le deficiency de zinc pote interferer con le crescimento normal.

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Assessment del crescimento

Le statura del individuo es mesurate, e le velocitate de crescimento es calculate. Le etate skeletal es determinate per radiographias.

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Retardation constitutional del pubertate

Un condition characterisate per un velocitate de crescimento lente e un etate skeletal retardate. Le pubertate es etiam retardate.

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Syndrome de Turner

Le syndrome de Turner es un condition genetic causate per le absentia o incompleteness de un chromosomo X. Ista syndrome causa statura basse e altere problemas.

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Study Notes

Clinical Internal Medicine 2019-2020 Endocrine

  • This is a new edition of a medical textbook on Clinical Internal Medicine focusing on Endocrine Disorders.
  • The book contains 23 pages.

Contents Overview

  • Examine thyroid gland (Hyperthyroidism): Technique and comments including inspection, palpation and percussion.
  • Examine face of hypothyroidism: Presenting features like pallor, puffiness, periorbital edema and loss of lateral 1/3rd of the eyebrow are discussed.
  • Examine acral parts in acromegaly: Examination of the face, hands, and feet in patients with acromegaly is detailed, focusing on general findings, prominent features, enlarged size, and doughy sensation in the hands.
  • Examine Short Stature: Exam technique for assessing height, proportionality (upper/lower segment ratio), and body segments is described.
  • Examine Face (Hypothyroidism): Exam technique for assessing various features of hypothyroidism, including pallor, puffiness, periorbital edema, loss of lateral 1/3 eyebrow, and enlarged tongues.
  • Cushing Syndrome: Examination of the face, skin, and extremities in patients with Cushing syndrome. Details presented include moon face, plethoric face, acne, hirsutism, violaceous skin color, thin and stretched skin, striae rubra, vascular purpura, hyperpigmentation, and muscle wasting. Important OSCE questions concerning Cushing syndrome are also noted.

Important OSCE Questions

  • Important questions for oral and practical examinations (OSCE) are highlighted for each topic. This includes investigations, causes, and differentiating features of various endocrine disorders.
    • Example: Questions including differentiating between primary and secondary hypothyroidism, identifying causes of short stature, and assessing signs of acromegaly.

Additional Topics

  • The book covers a wide range of other topics involving various aspects of endocrine disease, including specific investigations, causes, and treatments.
  • Example: diagnosing hypothyroidism, differentiating Grave's disease from thyroiditis, and treating hyperthyroidism.

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Related Documents

Endocrine OSCE (2) PDF

Description

Este quiz examina as tecnicas de examinacion de disorderes endocrinologicos, como hipertiroidismo, hipotirioidismo, acromegalia e estatura curta. Le quiz tracta de methodos de inspection, palpation e percussione, e discute le caracteristicas clinicas de cada condition. Ideal pro studentes e professionales in medicina interna.

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