Questions and Answers
In which position is the client lying on the abdomen with the head turned to the side?
Which assessment is difficult for the elderly and individuals with limited joint movement?
During light palpation, how much should the skin be depressed with finger pads?
Which position involves the client lying on the back with hips and knees flexed at right angles and feet in stirrups?
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Why is bimanual deep palpation often not tolerated by the elderly and those with cardiovascular and respiratory problems?
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What is a potential challenge of assessing female rectum and vagina for a brief period?
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Which position is characterized by the client lying on the side with the body turned at a 45-degree angle?
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Why is the dorsal recumbent position commonly used in physical assessments?
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In which position should the client be placed for examination of the abdomen?
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What is a characteristic of the Sims position?
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Which position involves the client lying on their side with the lower leg extended and upper leg flexed at a 45 to 90 degree angle?
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What is the primary use of the lithotomy position in medical examinations?
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Which position involves the patient lying on their back with knees flexed and hips abducted and rotated externally?
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What is the main characteristic of the supine position?
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In which position does the patient lie flat on their abdomen?
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Which of the following positions is characterized by the patient lying on their side with knees and hips flexed?
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Which position involves the patient lying flat on their stomach?
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What distinguishes the jack knife position from other positions?
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Study Notes
Physical Assessment Techniques
- Hand hygiene is essential before assessment
- Weight scale with height measurement is necessary for assessment
- Various assessment tools are used, including:
- Sterile gloves
- Eloisa Ruler
- BSN 1-Y2-5
- Paper clips
- Skin calliper
- Pen and paper
- Tuning fork
- Tongue depressor
- Positioning the patient
- Watch with a second hand
- Standing/Erect position for assessment of posture, gait, and balance
- Vaginal speculum (contraindications: patients who are weak, disabled, or paralyzed)
- Nasal speculum
- Thermometer
- Pulse oximeter
- Scoliosis, Kyphosis, Lordosis
Patient Positioning
- Sitting seated position, back unsupported and legs hanging freely (CI: Elderly and weak clients may require support)
- Dorsal Recumbent position with knees flexed and hips externally rotated; small pillow under the head; soles of the feet on the surface (CI: Clients with cardio pulmonary problems)
- Sim’s position: lying on the side with the body turned at 45 degrees, lower leg extended, and upper leg flexed at the hip and knee to a 45 to 90-degree angle
- Prone position: lying on the abdomen with head turned to the side
- Lithotomy position: lying on the back with hips and knees flexed at right angles and feet in stirrups (CI: May be uncomfortable and tiring for elderly people)
Palpation and Inspection
- Inspection: observe for color, size, location, movement, textures, symmetry, odors, and sounds
- Palpation:
- Light palpation: assess for texture, tenderness, temperature, moisture, elasticity, pulsations, superficial organs, and masses
- Deep palpation: depress the skin 1 1/2” to 2” with firm, deep pressure
- Bimanual deep palpation: done with two hands (bimanually) or one hand
- CI: Often not tolerated by the elderly and people with cardiovascular and respiratory problems
Pregnancy Discomforts and Adaptation
- Urinary frequency: void as necessary, decrease fluids before bed, avoid caffeine, and perform Kegel exercises
- Fatigue: try to get a full night's sleep, schedule a daily rest time, and maintain good nutrition
- Breast tenderness/soreness: wear a supportive and well-fitting bra
- Vaginal discharge: wear cotton underwear, avoid tight-fitting pantyhose, and bathe daily
- Backache: emphasize posture, avoid standing for long periods, apply local heat, and stoop to lift objects
- Round ligament pain: slowly rise from a sitting position, bend forward to relieve pain, and avoid twisting motions
- Constipation: increase fiber intake, set a regular time for bowel movements, drink more fluids, and rest on the left side with hips and lower extremities elevated
- Hemorrhoids: avoid constipation, apply witch hazel pads, and take sitz baths with warm water
- Nausea & vomiting: eat dry crackers on arising, eat small frequent meals, and rest
- Varicosities: apply ice packs, walk regularly, rest with the feet elevated daily, and avoid standing for long periods
- Ankle edema: rest with the feet elevated, avoid standing for long periods, and avoid wearing constrictive garments
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Description
Test your knowledge on various clinical assessment tools and techniques used in healthcare settings. This quiz covers items such as hand hygiene, weight scale, sterile gloves, tongue depressor, tuning fork, and more.
