Climate: Weather and Climate

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Why does air temperature vary over time within a day?

Because of the Earth's spherical shape spreading solar radiation differently

Mainly due to the Earth's axis being tilted at an angle of 23.5°

As a result of the Earth's rotation on its own axis (correct)

Due to variations in the Earth's revolution around the sun

Which factor influences the air temperature in a specific location just before sunrise?

The Earth's spherical shape spreading solar radiation evenly

Receiving solar radiation directly from the sun

Experiencing longwave radiation from the moon

Not receiving solar radiation after a period of time (correct)

During midday, why is the air temperature generally higher compared to before and after midday?

Experiencing longwave radiation at its peak

Being shielded from solar radiation by the moon

Receiving direct solar radiation from the sun (correct)

Due to the Earth's axis being tilted at an angle of 23.5°

Why do locations near the equator (e.g., Singapore) receive near-direct solar radiation throughout the year?

As a result of the Earth's rotation on its own axis Signup and view all the answers

How do the Northern and Southern Hemispheres experience different temperatures in June and December?

As a result of the Earth's revolution around the sun and differing angles of tilt Signup and view all the answers

Why does a location experience moderate temperatures during March and September?

Mainly due to neither hemisphere leaning towards the sun during these times Signup and view all the answers

Which climate type is characterized by distinct wet and dry seasons?

Tropical monsoon climate Signup and view all the answers

What is the average temperature range in a cool temperature climate?

21°C Signup and view all the answers

Which climate type is typically found between 5°N and 30°N of the equator and 5°S and 30°S of the equator?

Tropical monsoon climate Signup and view all the answers

Which climate type has high annual precipitation of more than 2000mm that falls evenly throughout the year?

Tropical equatorial climate Signup and view all the answers

What is the main difference between weather and climate?

Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a particular time, while climate is the average state of the atmosphere over a long period. Signup and view all the answers

What is a climograph used for?

To represent a place’s average monthly temperature and rainfall over a year Signup and view all the answers

What causes water droplets to form in the atmosphere?

Condensation Signup and view all the answers

What is the term for water that moves horizontally below the Earth's surface?

Groundwater flow Signup and view all the answers

What process allows water from water bodies to enter the atmosphere?

Evapo-transpiration Signup and view all the answers

What happens when water droplets in the clouds become too heavy?

They fall as precipitation Signup and view all the answers

Which factor primarily influences temperature variations at a global scale?

Latitude Signup and view all the answers

What happens to solar radiation at higher latitudes, leading to lower temperatures?

Solar radiation is less direct, spread over a larger area, and less concentrated Signup and view all the answers

What causes temperature differences at different altitudes?

Changes in atmospheric pressure Signup and view all the answers

How does the temperature of Beijing, China (40°N of the equator) compare to Singapore (1°N of the equator)?

Beijing has an average temperature of 12°C, while Singapore has an average temperature of 29°C Signup and view all the answers

What is the average temperature at Genting Highlands, which has an altitude of 1700m above sea level?

Around 21°C Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of lower temperatures at higher altitudes?

Reduced ability of air to absorb and radiate heat Signup and view all the answers

How does the type of soil impact infiltration rates and groundwater flows?

Infiltration rates and groundwater flows are faster in soil with larger pores, such as sandy soil, because the larger pores allow more water to infiltrate and move through the soil. Signup and view all the answers

How does the presence of natural vegetation impact infiltration rates and groundwater flows?

Infiltration rates and groundwater flows are faster in areas with natural vegetation because the roots of plants loosen the soil, creating more open spaces in the soil for water to pass through. Signup and view all the answers

How does the built-up nature of an area impact infiltration rates and groundwater flows?

Infiltration rates and groundwater flows are slower in built-up areas because the concrete surface has smaller pores than vegetated areas, reducing the amount of water that can infiltrate. Signup and view all the answers

How does temperature impact the relative humidity of a place at a specific time?

When temperature increases, the amount of water vapor that air can hold increases, leading to an increase in relative humidity. Signup and view all the answers

What factors contribute to the speed of surface runoff?

The speed of surface runoff is slower on vegetated areas, due to the presence of stems and roots of grasses and plants, which act as barriers and increase the surface roughness. Signup and view all the answers

Which one of the following is NOT a factor that impacts infiltration rates and groundwater flows?

The atmospheric pressure at the surface. Signup and view all the answers