Climate Types in the Philippines
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Questions and Answers

What primarily affects temperature in different zones?

  • Wind speed
  • Soil type
  • Population density
  • Latitude, altitude, and ocean currents (correct)

Areas near the equator receive less sunlight than areas farther from the equator.

False (B)

How do ocean currents affect climate?

Ocean currents can be warm or cold, impacting the temperature of nearby regions.

The Philippines experiences a total of ___ distinct seasons.

<p>2</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following regions experiences the first climate type in the Philippines?

<p>Negros Occidental (B), Western Luzon (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the second climate type in the Philippines, there is a pronounced dry season.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the dry season in the first climate type in the Philippines?

<p>From November to April</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the climate types of the Philippines with their characteristics:

<p>1st Climate Type = Two distinct seasons: dry and wet 2nd Climate Type = No pronounced dry season Eastern Mindanao = Experiences rainfall throughout the year Western Luzon = Has a pronounced dry season</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following describes climate?

<p>The average weather over a long period. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Temperature and precipitation are the only factors that determine climate.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two natural factors that affect the amount of precipitation in an area?

<p>Prevailing winds and mountain ranges</p> Signup and view all the answers

The _____ side of a mountain range receives more precipitation due to moist air.

<p>windward</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following climate zones with their descriptions:

<p>Polar = Cold temperatures, ice-covered regions Tropical = Warm temperatures, high humidity Temperate = Mild temperatures with distinct seasons</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to warm air when it rises?

<p>It cools and can lead to precipitation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is precipitation?

<p>Any form of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Latitude is a factor that affects temperature.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which region in the Philippines experiences a relatively dry season from November to April?

<p>Central Cebu (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The phenomenon known as La Niña results in warmer than usual sea surface temperatures.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary characteristic of the fourth climate type in the Philippines?

<p>Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface by trapping heat.

<p>greenhouse</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the climate types to their descriptions:

<p>3rd Climate Type = Wet and dry seasons are not pronounced 4th Climate Type = Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year El Niño = Warm air remains stationary causing heat waves La Niña = Cooler than normal ocean temperatures in the Pacific</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which climate type is prevalent in most of Central, Eastern, and Southern Mindanao?

<p>Fourth Climate Type (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

El Niño occurs when winds causing upwelling blow strongly.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Name two large-scale climate phenomena that influence global weather patterns.

<p>El Niño and La Niña.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What was the name of the supercontinent that all continents were once part of?

<p>Pangaea (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The solar cycle lasts approximately 5 years.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who introduced the concept of continental drift?

<p>Alfred Wegener</p> Signup and view all the answers

The gradual movement of Earth's continents is driven by _______.

<p>plate tectonics</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the Milankovitch cycle terms with their descriptions:

<p>Eccentricity = Changes in Earth's orbit from circular to elliptical Axial Tilt = Variations in Earth's tilt affecting seasonal severity Precession = Changes in the orientation of Earth's axis</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following periods coincided with a reduced solar activity known as the Maunder Minimum?

<p>The Little Ice Age (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Increased solar activity during solar maximum contributes to cooler global temperatures.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three natural factors causing major climate changes?

<p>Continental drift, solar variability, Milankovitch cycles</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

What is Climate?

The average weather conditions of a particular area over a long period of time. It's influenced by factors like temperature and precipitation.

What is Precipitation?

The amount of water that falls from the atmosphere to the Earth's surface in different forms like rain, snow, sleet, or hail.

What are Prevailing Winds?

Winds that consistently blow from a specific direction over a particular region. They play a role in determining the amount of precipitation an area receives.

How do Prevailing Winds Affect Precipitation?

Warm air has the ability to hold more moisture than cool air. As warm air rises, it cools down, causing the moisture to condense and fall as precipitation.

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What are Mountain Ranges?

Long chains of mountains formed by geological processes. They act as barriers for prevailing winds, influencing precipitation on different sides.

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What is the Windward Side?

The side of a mountain facing the wind that receives moist air and experiences more precipitation.

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What is the Leeward Side?

The side of a mountain away from the wind that has less precipitation and a dry climate.

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How does the Sun Affect Temperature?

The amount of energy received from the sun. The angle and location at which sunlight strikes Earth determine the temperature in different regions.

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Latitude

The distance north or south of the equator, determining the amount of direct sunlight received. Areas near the equator experience warm climates, while areas farther away experience cooler climates.

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Altitude

The height above sea level, impacting temperature and air pressure. As altitude increases, air pressure decreases, and temperatures get colder.

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Ocean Currents

Streams of water flowing in the ocean, affecting regional climates by transporting warm or cold water.

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Tropical Zone

Areas near the equator receive direct sunlight, resulting in consistently warm temperatures all year round.

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Two Pronounced Seasons

The Philippines experiences two distinct seasons: a dry season with little rainfall and a wet season with heavy rainfall.

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Distinct Dry Season

This climate type has a distinct dry season, usually from November to April, followed by a wet season the rest of the year.

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No Pronounced Dry Season

This climate type has no pronounced dry season, receiving rainfall throughout the year. It is found in regions like Eastern Mindanao and parts of Albay.

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Climate Types in the Philippines

Climate types in the Philippines are classified based on the distinct characteristics of dry and wet seasons, rainfall patterns, and the duration of the rainy season.

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3rd Climate Type (Philippines)

This climate type experiences relatively dry conditions from November to April and wet conditions the rest of the year. It's characterized by less distinct wet and dry seasons compared to other types.

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4th Climate Type (Philippines)

Rainfall is evenly distributed throughout the year, resulting in a consistent climate with no pronounced dry or wet seasons. This is found in areas with a balanced distribution of moisture.

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What is El Niño?

El Niño occurs when winds that usually cause upwelling weaken, leading to warm surface water staying stationary in the Pacific Ocean. This causes a kind of "heat wave" affecting global weather patterns.

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What is La Niña?

La Niña is the opposite of El Niño. It's characterized by cooler-than-normal ocean temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean. This also impacts global weather patterns, often resulting in wetter conditions in some regions.

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What is the Greenhouse Effect?

The Greenhouse Effect is a natural process that warms the Earth's surface. Greenhouse gases in the atmosphere trap heat radiated by the Earth, preventing it from escaping into space.

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What are Greenhouse Gases?

Greenhouse gases are specific gases in the Earth's atmosphere that absorb and redirect heat radiated by the Earth. They contribute to the Greenhouse Effect.

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What are Global Climate Phenomena?

Large-scale weather patterns and events that affect the Earth's climate system are called global climate phenomena. Examples include El Niño, La Niña, and the Greenhouse Effect.

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How do Global Climate Phenomena Impact the Earth?

They influence global weather patterns, influencing temperature and precipitation, and ultimately affecting ecosystems, agriculture, and human activities.

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Continental Drift

The gradual movement of Earth's continents over millions of years, driven by plate tectonics.

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Solar Variability

Fluctuations in the amount of energy emitted by the Sun over time, affecting Earth's climate.

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Solar Cycles

Short-term fluctuations in the Sun's energy output, lasting about 11 years.

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Milankovitch Cycles

Long-term variations in Earth's orbit, tilt, and wobble, affecting the distribution of solar energy and seasons over thousands to hundreds of thousands of years.

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Eccentricity (Orbital Shape)

Changes in Earth's orbital path from circular to elliptical, affecting the distance from the Sun and the intensity of seasons.

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Axial Tilt (Obliquity)

Variations in Earth's axial tilt (obliquity), influencing the severity of seasons.

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Precession (Wobble)

Wobble of Earth's axis, influencing the timing of seasons and impacting seasonal contrasts.

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The Little Ice Age

A period of cooler temperatures on Earth, lasting from approximately 1300 to 1850, potentially linked to reduced solar activity.

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Study Notes

Climate Understanding, Causes, and Impacts

  • Climate is the average weather of a particular area over a long period.
  • Climate is determined by temperature and precipitation.
  • Precipitation includes rain, snow, sleet, hail, and drizzle. Cloud droplets must increase in volume by a million times for precipitation to occur. Factors affecting precipitation amount include prevailing winds and mountain ranges.
  • Prevailing winds are winds that consistently blow from a specific direction over a region, carrying varying amounts of moisture. Warmer air holds more moisture than cooler air.
  • Mountain ranges act as barriers for prevailing winds. The side of a mountain facing the wind (windward side) receives more moisture and precipitation, while the side away from the wind (leeward side) has less precipitation and a drier climate.
  • Temperature depends on the amount of solar energy received, impacted by the angle and location sunlight strikes Earth.
  • Earth's climates are categorized as polar, tropical, and temperate. Temperatures in these zones are determined by latitude, altitude, and ocean currents.
  • Latitude is a measure of distance north or south of the equator. Regions near the equator receive direct sunlight, thus having warm climates, while areas further from the equator receive less direct sunlight and have cooler climates.
  • Altitude is the elevation above mean sea level. Air pressure decreases as altitude increases. Air density is greatest at lower altitudes.
  • Ocean currents are streams of current flowing in definite paths. Ocean currents can be warm or cold. Warmer currents originate near the equator while cold currents travel towards the equator.
  • The Philippines has two main seasons: dry and wet. Four types of climates based on dry season presence, rainfall type, and maximum rain periods.

Global Climate Phenomena

  • Global climate phenomena are large-scale patterns and events affecting Earth's climate system, such as El Niño, La Niña and the greenhouse effect.
  • El Niño strikes when the winds that cause upwelling fail to blow, causing warm air to remain stationary over warm ocean waters, leading to "heat waves." This occurs approximately every 2-7 years.
  • La Niña is the opposite of El Niño. It occurs when sea surface temperatures in the central and eastern Pacific Ocean become cooler than usual.
  • The greenhouse effect is a natural process that warms Earth's surface. Certain gases in the atmosphere, known as greenhouse gases, trap heat from the Sun.

Natural Causes of Climate Change

  • Major climate changes are caused by three natural factors: continental drift, solar variability, and Milankovitch cycles.
  • Continental drift is the gradual movement of the Earth's continents across the planet's surface, driven by plate tectonics. It leads to the formation of mountain ranges, ocean basins, and the rearrangement of landmasses, also contributing to natural phenomena like earthquakes and volcanic eruptions.
  • Solar variability refers to fluctuations in the amount of energy emitted by the Sun. Short-term variations in solar activity can slightly affect Earth's climate. Long-term variations over millions of years can have large impacts. An example is the Little Ice Age, a period of reduced solar activity.
  • Milankovitch cycles are variations in Earth's position relative to the Sun. Variations in eccentricity (Earth's orbit), axial tilt, and precession (Earth's wobble) affect the amount of sunlight received, impacting seasonal severity and global temperatures.

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Description

This quiz explores the distinct climate types found in the Philippines and the factors that influence temperature and precipitation. Test your understanding of how geographical features and ocean currents affect the climate in different regions. Dive into the unique seasons of the Philippines and see how well you know the characteristics of various climate zones.

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