Podcast
Questions and Answers
How do primates serve in both scientific and cultural contexts?
How do primates serve in both scientific and cultural contexts?
What is a significant aspect of the relationship between science and culture as highlighted in the content?
What is a significant aspect of the relationship between science and culture as highlighted in the content?
Which of the following best characterizes primatology as a scientific practice?
Which of the following best characterizes primatology as a scientific practice?
What role do narratives play in scientific practice according to the content?
What role do narratives play in scientific practice according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
In what way can science be critiqued beyond its factual content?
In what way can science be critiqued beyond its factual content?
Signup and view all the answers
What does climate change refer to?
What does climate change refer to?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following is primarily responsible for global warming?
Which of the following is primarily responsible for global warming?
Signup and view all the answers
Which empirical indicator is NOT mentioned as a main indicator for climate scientists?
Which empirical indicator is NOT mentioned as a main indicator for climate scientists?
Signup and view all the answers
What was the purpose of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit?
What was the purpose of the 1992 Rio Earth Summit?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following was a significant outcome of the Kyoto Protocol?
Which of the following was a significant outcome of the Kyoto Protocol?
Signup and view all the answers
By how much is sea level predicted to rise in the next century based on the 2007 projection?
By how much is sea level predicted to rise in the next century based on the 2007 projection?
Signup and view all the answers
Which factor is NOT a human-induced contributor to climate change mentioned in the content?
Which factor is NOT a human-induced contributor to climate change mentioned in the content?
Signup and view all the answers
What was a major concern regarding the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol?
What was a major concern regarding the ratification of the Kyoto Protocol?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the primary source of conflict among humankind according to the content?
What is the primary source of conflict among humankind according to the content?
Signup and view all the answers
Which cultures are mentioned as having little resonance with Western ideas?
Which cultures are mentioned as having little resonance with Western ideas?
Signup and view all the answers
What does Huntington argue will shape international relations?
What does Huntington argue will shape international relations?
Signup and view all the answers
Which of the following civilizations is NOT included in Huntington's nine civilizations?
Which of the following civilizations is NOT included in Huntington's nine civilizations?
Signup and view all the answers
How does strong technological determinism view technology's role in society?
How does strong technological determinism view technology's role in society?
Signup and view all the answers
What characterizes 'hot media' according to McLuhan's theory?
What characterizes 'hot media' according to McLuhan's theory?
Signup and view all the answers
Which statement represents weak technological determinism?
Which statement represents weak technological determinism?
Signup and view all the answers
What is one of the potential consequences of Huntington's theories on culture and society?
What is one of the potential consequences of Huntington's theories on culture and society?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of the media's portrayal of the attacks did newspapers like the New York Times emphasize?
What aspect of the media's portrayal of the attacks did newspapers like the New York Times emphasize?
Signup and view all the answers
What did many specialists argue was more relevant than cultural explanations in understanding the crisis?
What did many specialists argue was more relevant than cultural explanations in understanding the crisis?
Signup and view all the answers
What backlash occurred in the US as a result of the crisis being framed in cultural terms?
What backlash occurred in the US as a result of the crisis being framed in cultural terms?
Signup and view all the answers
How did US media coverage differ from European media regarding the September 11 attacks?
How did US media coverage differ from European media regarding the September 11 attacks?
Signup and view all the answers
What was one criticism that scholars had about Huntington's views?
What was one criticism that scholars had about Huntington's views?
Signup and view all the answers
What impact did the media's framing have on public perception towards Muslims?
What impact did the media's framing have on public perception towards Muslims?
Signup and view all the answers
What did critics like Edward Said argue about the 'clash of civilizations' framework?
What did critics like Edward Said argue about the 'clash of civilizations' framework?
Signup and view all the answers
What broader implication did the adoption of Huntington's framework have on academic research?
What broader implication did the adoption of Huntington's framework have on academic research?
Signup and view all the answers
What is described as the dominant force that replaced the feudal aristocracy?
What is described as the dominant force that replaced the feudal aristocracy?
Signup and view all the answers
Which class is seen as capable of overthrowing class oppression according to the manifesto?
Which class is seen as capable of overthrowing class oppression according to the manifesto?
Signup and view all the answers
What does intersectionality claim about categories such as gender, race, and class?
What does intersectionality claim about categories such as gender, race, and class?
Signup and view all the answers
What does the manifesto of the communist party emphasize as crucial for revolution?
What does the manifesto of the communist party emphasize as crucial for revolution?
Signup and view all the answers
Who coined the term intersectionality?
Who coined the term intersectionality?
Signup and view all the answers
Which concept suggests that history is largely defined by class struggles?
Which concept suggests that history is largely defined by class struggles?
Signup and view all the answers
What aspect of societal structure does Donna Haraway emphasize in her work related to science?
What aspect of societal structure does Donna Haraway emphasize in her work related to science?
Signup and view all the answers
What is the relationship between capitalism and colonialism as described by Rosa Luxemburg?
What is the relationship between capitalism and colonialism as described by Rosa Luxemburg?
Signup and view all the answers
Study Notes
Climate Change
- Climate change is a change in the state of the climate that persists for an extended period, typically decades or longer
- Global warming refers to the increase in the core temperature of the Earth due to a greenhouse effect caused by human activity and natural occurrences.
- Human activities, such as the burning of fossil fuels and deforestation, have contributed significantly to the rise in global temperatures.
- The main indicators of climate change are rising sea levels, changes in precipitation patterns, and increasing temperatures.
- Sea levels are rising due to the expansion of water as it warms and the melting of glaciers and ice sheets.
- The Intergovernmental Panel on Climate Change (IPCC) has projected that sea levels will rise between 28 to 79 mm in the next century, based on 2007 projections.
- Temperatures have been rising since the 19th century, with the 20th century being warmer than the century before.
- Global warming is the main symptom of climate change and results from both natural and human-induced processes.
Intergovernmental Efforts to Combat Climate Change
- The United Nations Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC) was adopted at the 1992 Rio Earth Summit.
- The Kyoto Protocol, adopted in 1997, established basic principles for a treaty on worldwide cuts in greenhouse gas emissions.
- The Kyoto Protocol was ratified by 55% of UN member states (186) in 2001, but not by the United States or major developing countries.
- The historical context of the climate change debate is crucial to understanding current efforts to address the issue.
Monkeys and Apes in Science and Culture
- Monkeys and apes bridge the gap between nature and culture in Western societies.
- Scientific and commercial interest in primates reflects a complex interplay of meanings.
- Primatology combines narratives, politics, myth, economics, and technical possibilities.
- Primatologists are influenced by their own histories and cultures.
- Primates and primatologists have diverse audiences including museums, media, and multiple scientific fields.
- Primates are often used as models for human problems and existential questions.
Facts and Fiction in Science and Culture
- Science and popular culture are interwoven with fact and fiction.
- Biology is a historical, narrative discourse that resembles romantic literature.
- Primatology is a storytelling craft that addresses taxonomic order and dualisms like sex/gender, and nature/culture.
The Role of Narratives in Science
- Scientific practice produces and is embedded in specific stories and metaphors.
- Primatology stories involve complex narratives about human and primate relations.
- Storytelling is a crucial part of scientific practice.
Science and Cultural Critique
- Science can be critiqued on cultural and political levels, not just factual.
The Clash of Civilizations
- The "Clash of Civilizations" theory argues that fundamental differences between civilizations will lead to conflict.
- Samuel Huntington identified nine civilizations, and argued that the fault lines between them would shape international relations and serve as the driving force of conflict in the post-Cold War world.
- The theory has been criticized for being simplistic and for perpetuating outdated ideas of social Darwinism.
Technological Determinism
- Technological determinism is a theory that presupposes that technology steers society, both in terms of its development and its social structure.
- There are "strong" and "weak" determinist visions, with “strong” seeing technology as the driving force.
- McLuhan's theory of “hot” and “cool” media is an example of a “weak” determinist approach.
Media Framing of the September 11 Attacks
- The framing of the September 11 attacks as a clash of civilizations influenced public perception.
- Media avoided political explanations, particularly the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
- European media was more likely to link the September 11 attacks to political issues, particularly the Israeli-Palestinian conflict.
- The framing of the attacks as a "clash" had a lasting impact on media narratives and political discourse.
The Information Age
- Neil Postman, a professor at NYU, examined the impact of the information age.
- Postman's work explored the changing role of communication and information in society, with a focus on the impact of media.
The Communist Manifesto
- The Communist Manifesto argues that all of human history is marked by class struggles.
- The manifesto describes how societies have been defined by conflicts between oppressors and oppressed.
- With the advent of capitalism, the bourgeoisie (capitalist class) became the dominant force.
- The proletariat (working class) will eventually rise against the bourgeoisie to abolish the capitalist system.
- The manifesto calls on the workers of the world to unite.
Intersectionality
- Intersectionality is a theory that examines how different social categories, such as race, gender, class, and sexuality, intersect and create unique experiences of oppression.
- Kimberle Crenshaw, an American legal scholar, coined the term intersectionality.
The Intersection of Empire and Social Categories
- The exploration of the history of empire at the intersection of race/ethnicity, sex/gender, class, and religious affiliation is a complex and important area of study.
- The history of empire has shaped the interactions between these various social categories, and their intersection has given rise to unique forms of oppression and resistance.
Science as a Narrative
- Science is a narrative practice that produces knowledge through storytelling.
- Facts are not simply discovered, but are constructed through human action.
- Scientific practice is shaped by existing narratives and theories.
- The history of science is a history of storytelling.
- Science is not objective, but is influenced by cultural and political forces.
Key Figures in the Study of Science, Culture, and Society
- Alan Chalmers, Donna Haraway, Benedict Anderson, Samuel Huntington, Marshall McLuhan, Karl Marx, Rosa Luxemburg, Antonio Gramsci, and Stuart Hall are key figures who have contributed to our understanding of the relationship between these fields.
- Their work has helped to illuminate how science is shaped by culture, how power operates through cultural practices, and how history influences current events.
Studying That Suits You
Use AI to generate personalized quizzes and flashcards to suit your learning preferences.
Related Documents
Description
Explore the critical concepts of climate change and global warming through this engaging quiz. It covers the effects of human activities on our climate, indicators of change, and projections for the future. Test your knowledge on rising sea levels and temperature trends over time!
