Climate Change and Food Security Overview

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Questions and Answers

What primary outcome does Climate Smart Agriculture (CSA) aim to optimize alongside productivity?

Soil fertility improvements

Food supply consistency

Labor cost reductions

Mitigation of climate change (correct)

Which financing mechanism is specifically allocated for CSA projects?

Green Climate Fund (correct)

Voluntary Carbon Market

Global Adaptation Fund

World Bank Development Fund

The National Innovation on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) was launched to enhance resilience in what area?

Climate prediction models

Indian agriculture (correct)

Urban planning

Renewable energy sources

What is a significant impact of food waste on global emissions?

It is the third highest emitter in the world. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the programmatic interventions included in the National Mission for Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)?

Soil Health Card Signup and view all the answers

What is a key distinction that sets climate-smart agriculture (CSA) apart from sustainable agriculture?

An explicit focus on climate change Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following best describes the concept of Climate-smart Agriculture (CSA)?

A holistic method aimed at food security while addressing climate change. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following was NOT mentioned as a source of climate finance for CSA?

United Nations Framework Fund Signup and view all the answers

What does CSA particularly emphasize to assist decision-makers?

Metrics and prioritization tools Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is NOT considered a cornerstone of climate-smart agriculture (CSA) implementation?

Conventional farming practices Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes significantly to greenhouse gas emissions within the global agrifood system?

Agriculture being the primary cause of deforestation. Signup and view all the answers

What is necessary for the global agrifood system to meet the demands of a projected population of 9.7 billion by 2050?

Integration of CSA principles to enhance sustainability and food security. Signup and view all the answers

Which initiative is part of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)?

National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What does CSA seek to achieve in conjunction with sustainability?

Food security for all Signup and view all the answers

What percentage of fresh water is utilized by global food systems?

70% Signup and view all the answers

Which aspect is NOT one of the three essential features of climate-smart agriculture (CSA)?

Development of global trade policies Signup and view all the answers

What were the financial allocations for NICRA when it was launched in 2011?

Rs.350 crores Signup and view all the answers

How does climate-smart agriculture (CSA) propose to handle the challenges of productivity and adaptation?

By considering outcomes beyond farm level Signup and view all the answers

What critical environmental challenge is linked to the traditional increase in food production?

Unsustainable utilization of land and resources. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements accurately reflects a goal of Climate-smart Agriculture (CSA)?

To enhance resilience while reducing greenhouse gas emissions. Signup and view all the answers

In terms of climate action, what unique opportunity does CSA provide that other sustainable practices may not?

New funding opportunities for agricultural development Signup and view all the answers

What integration approach is taken by climate-smart agriculture (CSA) to achieve better outcomes?

Synergies and trade-offs within a broader landscape perspective Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the main reasons why emissions from agriculture are a concern in developing countries?

Growing reliance on traditional farming practices. Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately represents the essence of climate-smart agriculture (CSA)?

CSA integrates resilience into sustainable agriculture while minimizing emissions. Signup and view all the answers

What is one of the primary objectives of the National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC)?

To meet the cost of adaptation to climate change for vulnerable states Signup and view all the answers

Which scheme aims to improve water use efficiency and irrigation in agriculture?

Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojna Signup and view all the answers

In which year was the National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC) implemented?

2015-16 Signup and view all the answers

What is a key feature of Climate Smart Villages (CSVs)?

They incorporate a portfolio of interventions to address climate challenges. Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following states was NOT mentioned as having projects sanctioned under the NAFCC?

Goa Signup and view all the answers

What is the motto associated with the Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojna?

'Every field with water' Signup and view all the answers

Which two districts were initially targeted for Climate Smart Village implementation in India?

Karnal and Vaishali Signup and view all the answers

Which agricultural practice is promoted by the NMSA for sustainable development?

Integrated farming Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of the National Livestock Mission?

Enhancing livestock development through a sustainable approach Signup and view all the answers

How has the National Program for Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA) contributed to agriculture in India?

Creating district-level risk assessments for Indian agriculture Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of the Micro Irrigation Fund within the Prime Minister Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMSKY)?

To focus on protective irrigation and water use efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What significant impact have fertilizer policies in India had on the environment?

Helped avoid forest conversion and reduced GHG emissions Signup and view all the answers

Which initiative is aimed at promoting water conservation and efficient use of water resources in Indian agriculture?

Prime Minister Krishi Sinchayee Yojana Signup and view all the answers

How has Neem coated urea contributed to sustainable farming practices in India?

Reduced the cost of fertilizer inputs and improved nutrient efficiency Signup and view all the answers

What is the goal of developing climate-resilient villages under NICRA?

To demonstrate location-specific technologies for adaptation Signup and view all the answers

What overarching strategy does the phrase 'More crop per Drop' represent in Indian agriculture?

Improving overall water utilization efficiency Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

### Climate Change and Food Security

Climate Change and Food Security are major global challenges:
- Global agrifood systems emit one-third of all global emissions.
- Global food demand will increase to feed a projected 9.7 billion people by 2050.
- Food systems are the leading source of methane emissions and biodiversity loss, using 70% of freshwater.
- Food waste is the third highest emitter in the world.
Climate-Smart Agriculture (CSA) is a holistic approach to address these challenges:
- It aims to ensure food security, adapt to climate change, and reduce greenhouse gas emissions.
- Built on existing knowledge and sustainable principles, CSA explicitly focuses on climate change in agrifood systems.
- It considers synergies and trade-offs between productivity, adaptation, and mitigation.
- CSA emphasizes outcomes beyond the farm level, considering social and ecological implications.

Differentiating CSA from Sustainable Agriculture

CSA is not a reinvention of the Green Revolution. It builds upon existing sustainable agriculture approaches.
CSA is distinct due to its focus on climate change, the search for synergies and trade-offs, and the availability of new funding opportunities.

Pillars of CSA

Focus on Climate Change: It tackles adaptation and mitigation challenges while focusing on food security.
- CSA = Sustainable Agriculture + Resilience - Emissions.
Outcomes, Synergies, and Trade-offs: Emphasizes analyzing interventions beyond the farm level, considering the interplay of productivity, adaptation, and mitigation.
New Funding Opportunities: CSA opens up new funding sources for agricultural development, tapping into climate finance for adaptation and mitigation.

Key Government Initiatives in India

National Innovation on Climate Resilient Agriculture (NICRA)
- Launched in 2011 by the Indian Council of Agricultural Research (ICAR), with an outlay of Rs. 350 crores.
- Aims to enhance resilience of Indian agriculture (crops, livestock, fisheries) through improved production and risk management technologies.
National Mission on Sustainable Agriculture (NMSA)
- Part of the National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC), focusing on sustainable development through:
  - Environment friendly technologies
  - Energy efficient equipment
  - Conservation of natural resources
  - Integrated farming
- Promotes location-specific agronomic practices:
  - Soil health management
  - Enhanced water use efficiency
  - Judicious use of chemicals
  - Crop diversification
National Adaptation Fund for Climate Change (NAFCC)
- Established to meet adaptation costs of climate change for vulnerable states and union territories in India.
- Implemented since 2015-16, supporting adaptation activities across sectors like agriculture.
Climate-Smart Village (CSV)
- Institutional approach to test, implement, and promote CSA at the local level.
- Aims to enhance farmers' adaptation abilities to climate change.
- Pilots were implemented in Karnal district of Haryana and Vaishali district of Bihar.
- Now expanded to Punjab, Andhra Pradesh, and Karnataka.
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojna (PMSKY)
- Launched in July 2015, focusing on water conservation and management in agriculture.
- Aims to expand irrigation coverage with the motto "Har Khet Ko Paani" (Water to Every Field).
- Emphasizes water use efficiency through programs like "More Crop per Drop".
National Livestock Mission
- Launched in 2014-15, focusing on sustainable livestock development.
- Aims to protect the natural environment, ensure biosecurity, conserve animal biodiversity, and ensure farmer livelihood.

Impacts of National Programs and Policies

NICRA:
- Developed climate resilient technologies for various crops.
- Prepared district level risk assessments of Indian agriculture to climate change.
- Developed district agriculture contingency plans and demonstrated location-specific technologies in climate-vulnerable districts.
PMSKY and MGNREGA:
- Contributed significantly to water resources conservation and groundwater recharge.
- PMSKY's Micro Irrigation Fund promotes protective irrigation and water use efficiency.
Fertilizer Policies:
- Enhanced crop production and productivity, avoided forest land conversion, and reduced GHG emissions.
- Neem coated urea has reduced fertilizer input cost, improved nutrient use efficiency, and reduced GHG emissions.
Zero Budget Natural Farming (ZBNF):
- Promoted across India.

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Description

Explore the critical intersection of climate change and food security in this quiz. Learn how global agrifood systems contribute to emissions and discover the strategies of Climate-Smart Agriculture to tackle these issues effectively. This quiz will help you understand the importance of sustainable practices in food systems.