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Questions and Answers
What is the main difference between weather and climate?
What is the main difference between weather and climate?
Weather is the state of the atmosphere over an area at a given point of time, while climate is the total of weather conditions and variations occurring over a large area over a long period of time.
What type of climate does India have?
What type of climate does India have?
India has a 'monsoon' type of climate.
What is the latitude that passes through India?
What is the latitude that passes through India?
The Tropic of Cancer
What happens to the temperature as you travel to higher altitudes?
What happens to the temperature as you travel to higher altitudes?
What is the region of northeasterly winds known as?
What is the region of northeasterly winds known as?
What is the name of the phenomenon that involves a periodic change in pressure conditions between the Eastern Indian Ocean and the Eastern South Pacific Ocean?
What is the name of the phenomenon that involves a periodic change in pressure conditions between the Eastern Indian Ocean and the Eastern South Pacific Ocean?
When does the monsoon season in India typically begin?
When does the monsoon season in India typically begin?
What is the period of heavy rainfall that marks the arrival of the monsoon in India known as?
What is the period of heavy rainfall that marks the arrival of the monsoon in India known as?
Where does the monsoon reach India first?
Where does the monsoon reach India first?
What does the monsoon wind bring to India?
What does the monsoon wind bring to India?
Which region of India receives the highest amount of rainfall?
Which region of India receives the highest amount of rainfall?
What is the trend of rainfall as you move from east to west in India?
What is the trend of rainfall as you move from east to west in India?
The monsoon rainfall is continuous throughout the monsoon season.
The monsoon rainfall is continuous throughout the monsoon season.
When does the retreating monsoon begin?
When does the retreating monsoon begin?
What is the 'October heat'?
What is the 'October heat'?
What is the main source of rainfall in the Coromandel Coast?
What is the main source of rainfall in the Coromandel Coast?
Why is the distribution of rainfall not uniform across India?
Why is the distribution of rainfall not uniform across India?
What is the significance of the monsoon winds for the people of India?
What is the significance of the monsoon winds for the people of India?
Choose the correct options that describe the effect of latitude on the climate of India. (Select all that apply)
Choose the correct options that describe the effect of latitude on the climate of India. (Select all that apply)
Which of the following regions receive the lowest rainfall in India?
Which of the following regions receive the lowest rainfall in India?
The arrival of the monsoon is celebrated with festivals in India.
The arrival of the monsoon is celebrated with festivals in India.
Flashcards
Weather
Weather
The state of the atmosphere at a specific location and time, including factors like temperature, wind, humidity, and precipitation.
Climate
Climate
The long-term average weather patterns of a region, encompassing variations over years or decades.
Monsoon Winds
Monsoon Winds
India's climate is heavily influenced by these seasonal winds, bringing significant rainfall and impacting weather patterns across the country.
Tropic of Cancer
Tropic of Cancer
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Altitude and Temperature
Altitude and Temperature
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Seasonal Air Pressure and Winds
Seasonal Air Pressure and Winds
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Jet Streams
Jet Streams
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Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ)
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Land and Water Heating/Cooling Difference
Land and Water Heating/Cooling Difference
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Jet Stream Movement and Rainfall
Jet Stream Movement and Rainfall
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Southern Oscillation (SO)
Southern Oscillation (SO)
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Monsoon Onset (Burst)
Monsoon Onset (Burst)
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Monsoon Branching
Monsoon Branching
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Monsoon Retreat
Monsoon Retreat
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October Heat
October Heat
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Cold Weather Season
Cold Weather Season
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Northeast Trade Winds (Cold Season)
Northeast Trade Winds (Cold Season)
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Cyclonic Disturbances (Winter)
Cyclonic Disturbances (Winter)
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Hot Weather Season
Hot Weather Season
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Loo (Hot Wind)
Loo (Hot Wind)
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Dust Storms (May)
Dust Storms (May)
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Kaal Baisakhi (Thunderstorms)
Kaal Baisakhi (Thunderstorms)
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Mango Showers
Mango Showers
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Advancing Monsoon
Advancing Monsoon
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Rainfall on Western Ghats
Rainfall on Western Ghats
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Rainfall in Northeast India
Rainfall in Northeast India
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Rainfall Gradient
Rainfall Gradient
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Monsoon as a Unifying Bond
Monsoon as a Unifying Bond
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Study Notes
Climate
- Weather is the state of the atmosphere at a specific time and place.
- Climate is the total of weather conditions over a long period of time.
- Climate in India is largely monsoon-based.
- Significant regional variations exist in rainfall.
- Variations in temperature are notable, with extremes in different locations.
Factors Affecting India's Climate
- Latitude: The Tropic of Cancer (23.5° N) divides India into tropical and subtropical zones, influencing temperature.
- Altitude: Temperature decreases with increasing elevation. A drop of 1°C for every 166 meters of ascent.
- Air Pressure and Surface Winds:
- Northeasterly winds carry little moisture in winter.
- In summer, wind direction reverses, bringing moisture from the Indian Ocean.
- Jet streams influence weather patterns, particularly in the northwest.
The Indian Monsoon
- India's climate is strongly influenced by monsoon winds.
- Differences in heating and cooling between land and water create low-pressure areas over the land.
- Inter Tropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ) is a low-pressure area near the equator.
- High pressure east of Madagascar influences the Indian Monsoon.
- Jet streams affect monsoon patterns.
The Onset and Withdrawal of the Monsoon
- Monsoon season typically lasts from June to mid-September.
- The monsoon arrives gradually first in Kerala and then progresses through other regions.
- Two branches, Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea branch, of monsoon winds impact India.
- Withdrawal of the monsoon starts in September-October.
The Seasons
- Cold Weather Season: Mid-November to February, coldest months are December and January, noticeable frost in northern India.
- Hot Weather Season: March to May. Highest temperatures in northwestern India. "Loo" winds are a feature.
- Advancing Monsoon: Low pressure conditions intensify in June. Southeast trade winds bring moisture and rainfall.
- Retreating Monsoon: Monsoon winds weaken and withdraw from Northern Plains in October. Cyclonic depressions bring rain to the eastern coast.
Distribution of Rainfall
- Rainfall varies greatly across India, with some areas receiving significantly more than others.
- Western Ghats receive the most rainfall.
- Areas like western Rajasthan receive the least rainfall.
- Rainfall patterns contribute to both droughts and floods in different parts of the country.
Monsoon as a Unifying Bond
- The monsoon unifies India through its influence on agricultural practices and daily life.
- Celebrations mark the arrival of the monsoon.
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