Climate, Air, and Energy Issues Chapter 4 Quiz

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Questions and Answers

Which form of fossil fuel is the most abundant on Earth?

  • Crude oil
  • Coal (correct)
  • Natural gas
  • Gasoline

What is the main function of coal-fired power plants?

  • To generate electricity (correct)
  • To extract coal from geologic layers
  • To convert crude oil into gasoline
  • To convert natural gas into energy

What is the primary source of bioenergy?

  • Biomass feedstocks (correct)
  • Natural gas
  • Coal
  • Municipal solid waste

What type of energy is derived from algae to replace fossil fuels?

<p>Liquid biofuel (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which non-renewable energy source is extracted from geologic layers of the earth's crust?

<p>Natural gas (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of energy is the thin protective layer in the stratosphere made of?

<p>Ozone gas (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of air pollutants are the direct chemical products of combustion and evaporation?

<p>Primary pollutants (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the major ingredient in smog in the lower atmosphere?

<p>Ozone (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which source remains the single largest source of lead exposure in urban areas?

<p>Lead in gasoline (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of gas is sulfur dioxide?

<p>All of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What defines climate?

<p>Average temperature and precipitation over a typical year (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is acid precipitation?

<p>Precipitates more acidic than the norm (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which gas is produced from high-temperature combustion in the air?

<p>Nitrogen Dioxide (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do microclimates differ from macroclimates?

<p>Microclimates pertain to small areas, whereas macroclimates are the overall climate of a region. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do mountain ranges influence wind and precipitation patterns?

<p>Mountains create barriers that alter wind and precipitation patterns. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What role do ocean currents play in affecting climate patterns near coastlines?

<p>Ocean currents cool the overlying air masses near land. (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why do seasonal variations occur?

<p>Because of changes in the Earth's axial tilt (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which factor contributes to the creation of narrow canyons that amplify winds?

<p>Mountain topography (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main reason for the retention of solar heat in a planet's lower atmosphere?

<p>Atmospheres are more transparent to solar visual radiation than to solar infrared radiation. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What has led to the increase in greenhouse gases since the pre-industrial era?

<p>Increase in population and economy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following types of sources emit air pollutants from fixed structures like buildings or facilities?

<p>Stationary sources (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does adaptation to climate change involve?

<p>Adapting to life in a changing climate (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which strategy involves reducing the flow of heat-trapping greenhouse gases into the atmosphere?

<p>Mitigation (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of sources are vehicles or machines that emit air pollutants from combustion of fuel?

<p>Mobile sources (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of wind turbines?

<p>Harness the kinetic energy of moving air (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of geothermal reservoir is specifically mentioned in the text?

<p>Enhanced Geothermal System (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of nuclear energy over fossil fuels as mentioned in the text?

<p>Contributes few emissions to global warming (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of a tidal barrage according to the text?

<p>Convert tidal energy into electricity (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which energy source has the greatest potential for continued technical advancement based on the text?

<p>Onshore wind energy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the two options mentioned in the text for developing a low-carbon energy future?

<p>Pursuing nuclear power and promoting renewable-energy applications (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

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