Questions and Answers
What does classroom management primarily focus on?
What is meant by instructional time?
The amount of time assigned to work on instructional tasks.
What is academic learning time?
The amount of time that a student is on-task in learning activities that are at the appropriate instructional level.
What is the goal of classroom management?
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To maximize academic learning time, teachers should prepare ___ activities.
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Which factor is positively related to increases in student achievement?
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What does Jacob Kounin's research focus on?
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The ___ effect occurs when correcting one student's behavior positively influences others.
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What does it mean to have 'with-it-ness' in the classroom?
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What are neutral, business-like responses critical for?
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What should be the response to minor misbehaviors?
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Study Notes
Classroom Management
- Involves procedures for controlling the learning environment to maximize learning time.
- Distinction between classroom management and discipline; discipline is a narrower aspect focused on instruction rather than punishment.
Instructional Concepts
- Instructional Time: Total duration allocated for teaching tasks during a class.
- Time-on-task (Engaged Time): Portion of instructional time where learners are actively engaged in the expected activities.
- Academic Learning Time: Time students spend on task during activities at the appropriate instructional level, optimizing learning.
Goals and Methods
- Main goal of classroom management is to maximize academic learning time.
- Key strategies:
- Well-prepared, structured lesson plans.
- Established routines for administrative tasks.
- Minimized disruptions and close monitoring with proper feedback.
Student Achievement Factors
- Positively correlated: Well-defined rules, teacher model of time management, punctuality, vigilant behavior monitoring, clear directions, and effective questioning.
- Negatively correlated: Unprepared students, disruptive delays, excessive non-academic activities, tardiness, and external distractions.
Jacob Kounin's Insights
- Analyzed effective vs. ineffective classroom management through extensive classroom video reviews.
- Found that prevention, rather than response to misbehavior, was the hallmark of effective management.
Characteristics of Effective Managers
- Ripple Effect: Correcting one student's behavior positively influences peers.
- With-it-ness: Teachers maintain awareness of classroom dynamics continuously.
- Overlapping: Ability to handle multiple issues simultaneously.
- Momentum: Consistent lesson flow with seamless transitions.
- Smoothness: Gradual progression through lessons; avoids abrupt changes.
- Group Alerting: Engaging all class members in the task at hand.
- Satiation: Achieving satisfaction and contentment in lessons.
Setting Classroom Rules
- Clearly state rules positively and specifically, minimizing generalizations.
- Limit the number of rules to enhance understanding (4-6 is optimal).
- Involve students in rule development to promote ownership.
- Periodically review rules and ensure consistent enforcement.
Instruction Modification
- Shift focus from student errors to enhancing engagement and instructional effectiveness.
- Adjust teaching strategies based on assessment of student involvement.
Addressing Misbehavior
- Approach behavior problems with a mindset of teaching and rewarding desired behaviors.
- Treat misbehavior as an opportunity for instruction, similar to academic deficits.
- Most misbehaviors are minor; responses should emphasize self-control and de-escalation.
- Neutral and business-like reactions are key, employing both verbal and non-verbal techniques.
Long-Term Behavioral Strategies
- Engage in private discussions with students on misbehavior issues.
- Teach self-regulation and employ behaviorist strategies like reinforcement.
- Collaborate with parents and school professionals for comprehensive support.
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Description
This quiz outlines key aspects of classroom management and instructional strategies, focusing on maximizing academic learning time. It differentiates classroom management from discipline, highlights important concepts like instructional time and engaged time, and discusses effective classroom practices and their impact on student achievement.
