Classifying Plants Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What is a nonvascular plant?

A low-growing plant that lacks true vascular tissue for transporting materials.

What is a rhizoid?

A thin, rootlike structure that anchors a moss and absorbs water and nutrients for the plant.

What is a vascular plant?

A plant that has true vascular tissue for transporting materials.

What is phloem?

The vascular tissue through which food moves in some plants. Signup and view all the answers

What is xylem?

The vascular tissue through which water and minerals move in some plants. Signup and view all the answers

What is a frond?

The leaf of a fern plant. Signup and view all the answers

What is pollen?

Tiny structures produced by seed plants that contain the cell that later becomes a sperm cell. Signup and view all the answers

What is a seed?

The plant structure that contains a young plant and a food supply inside a protective fruit. Signup and view all the answers

What is a gymnosperm?

A plant that produces seeds directly on the scales of cones, not enclosed by a protective fruit. Signup and view all the answers

What is an angiosperm?

A flowering plant that produces seeds enclosed in a protective fruit. Signup and view all the answers

What is a cotyledon?

A leaf produced by an embryo of a seed plant; sometimes stores food. Signup and view all the answers

What is a monocot?

An angiosperm that has only one seed leaf. Signup and view all the answers

What is a dicot?

An angiosperm that has two seed leaves. Signup and view all the answers

In what ways do nonvascular plants, seedless vascular plants, and seed plants differ?

Nonvascular plants lack vascular tissue and use spores to reproduce. Seedless vascular plants have vascular tissue and use spores to reproduce. Seed plants have vascular tissue and use pollen and seeds to reproduce. Signup and view all the answers

How does the absence of vascular tissue in nonvascular plants affect their structure and appearance?

Because they have no vascular tissue to support them or transport water and nutrients, nonvascular plants are low-growing, have thin cell walls, and lack roots. Signup and view all the answers

Name two types of vascular tissue and describe their functions.

Xylem: water and minerals, Phloem: food. Signup and view all the answers

What 3 structures do the bodies of all vascular plants have?

Roots, stems, leaves. Signup and view all the answers

How are gymnosperms and angiosperms different?

Gymnosperms produce seeds not encased in a protective fruit. Angiosperms produce seeds encased in a protective fruit. Signup and view all the answers

What are the four types of gymnosperms?

Cycads, conifers, ginkgoes, gnetophytes. Signup and view all the answers

What are the traits of monocots?

Monocots have a single cotyledon, parallel veins, flower parts that are often in multiples of 3, vascular tissue scattered throughout their stems, and many roots spread out. Signup and view all the answers

What are the traits of dicots?

Dicots have 2 cotyledons, branched veins, flower parts that are often in multiples of 4 or 5, vascular tissue bundles arranged in a ring, and 1 main root. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Plant Classification Overview

Nonvascular plants are low-growing and lack true vascular tissue for material transport.
Vascular plants possess true vascular tissue, allowing effective transportation of water, nutrients, and food.

Key Structures in Plants

Rhizoid: A rootlike structure found in mosses; anchors the plant and helps absorb water and nutrients.
Frond: The term used for the leaves of fern plants.
Pollen: Tiny structures produced by seed plants, containing sperm cell precursors.
Seed: Contains a young plant and a nutrient supply, all protected by a fruit.

Vascular Tissue Functions

Phloem: Vascular tissue responsible for transporting food within plants.
Xylem: Vascular tissue that moves water and minerals from the roots to other plant parts.

Plant Types

Gymnosperms: Seed-producing plants, their seeds are found directly on cone scales without protective fruit.
Angiosperms: Flowering plants with seeds enclosed in protective fruit.

Seed Plant Characteristics

Cotyledon: Leaf produced by a seed plant embryo, often storing nutrients.
Monocots: Angiosperms with a single seed leaf, parallel veins, and flower parts typically in multiples of three.
Dicots: Angiosperms with two seed leaves, branched veins, and flower parts usually in multiples of four or five.

Vascular Plant Structures

All vascular plants feature three main structures: roots, stems, and leaves.

Reproductive Differences

Nonvascular plants reproduce using spores, lacking vascular tissue for support.
Seedless vascular plants also use spores but have vascular tissue.
Seed plants reproduce through pollen and seeds.

Gymnosperms and Angiosperms

Gymnosperms differ from angiosperms in that their seeds are unprotected, while angiosperms have seeds encased in fruit.

Types of Gymnosperms

Four main types: cycads, conifers, ginkgoes, and gnetophytes.

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Description

Test your knowledge on plant classifications with these flashcards. Learn the definitions of nonvascular and vascular plants, along with their characteristics and structures like rhizoids and phloem. Perfect for students studying botany!