14 Questions
What is the basis for grouping in the Phylogenetic Classification System?
Genetic similarity and evolutionary relatedness
Which taxon is not used by most bacteriologists in classification?
Kingdom
What are the 3 domains in the domain classification system?
Eukarya, Bacteria, Archaea
Which naming system uses a binomial nomenclature with genus and species names?
International Code of Zoological Nomenclature
What is the purpose of taxonomy in biology?
To provide a universal method of identification for organisms
Which of the following is NOT a feature of modern taxonomy?
Evolutionary classification
In bacterial taxonomy, what are the two names that must be given to a bacterium according to the rules?
Genus name and species name
What is the significance of capitalization and italics in the naming of bacteria like Staphylococcus aureus?
Capitalization indicates the genus name, while italics indicate the species name
Which of the following accurately describes the binomial system of nomenclature for naming organisms?
The genus name is capitalized and may be abbreviated, while the species name is written in small letters and never abbreviated
What is the fundamental definition of 'species' for sexually reproducing organisms?
Reproductive compatibility
How are strains with different antigens referred to?
Serovars
What is a clone in the context of microbial taxonomy?
Population of cells derived from a single cell
What type of naming does 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis' represent?
Binomial system of nomenclature
In microbial taxonomy, what does a 'strain' represent?
One single isolate or line
Study Notes
Phylogenetic Classification System
- The basis for grouping in the Phylogenetic Classification System is evolutionary relationships.
Taxonomic Ranks
- The taxon not used by most bacteriologists in classification is kingdom.
Domain Classification System
- The 3 domains in the domain classification system are Archaea, Bacteria, and Eukarya.
Binomial Nomenclature
- The naming system that uses a binomial nomenclature with genus and species names is the Linnaean system.
Purpose of Taxonomy
- The purpose of taxonomy in biology is to classify organisms and assign each a unique name, allowing for clear communication and identification.
Features of Modern Taxonomy
- The feature that is NOT a characteristic of modern taxonomy is an emphasis on physical characteristics.
Bacterial Taxonomy
- The two names that must be given to a bacterium according to the rules are the genus and species names.
Naming Conventions
- The significance of capitalization and italics in the naming of bacteria, such as Staphylococcus aureus, is that the genus name is capitalized and the species name is written in lowercase, and both are italicized.
Binomial System of Nomenclature
- The binomial system of nomenclature accurately describes a system where each species is given a unique two-part name consisting of a genus and species name.
Definition of Species
- The fundamental definition of 'species' for sexually reproducing organisms is a group of interbreeding individuals that can produce fertile offspring.
Antigenic Strains
- Strains with different antigens are referred to as serotypes or serovars.
Clones
- A clone in the context of microbial taxonomy is a group of organisms that are genetically identical and derived from a single cell.
Microbial Taxonomy
- 'Mycobacterium tuberculosis' represents a binomial nomenclature with a genus and species name.
- A 'strain' in microbial taxonomy represents a group of microorganisms that are genetically identical and derived from a single cell.
Explore the principles and methods of classifying living organisms into groups, including the phylogenetic and phenetic classification systems. Learn about the hierarchical levels of classification and the concept of taxon.
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