Classification of Tissues Review Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is a tissue?

A group of cells similar to one another in structure that perform a common or related function.

Which type of tissue lines body cavities and covers the body's external surface?

Epithelium.

What is the primary function of muscle tissue?

Pumps blood, flushes urine out of the body, allows one to swing a bat.

What type of tissue transmits electrochemical impulses?

Nervous. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary role of connective tissue?

Anchors, packages, and supports body organs. Signup and view all the answers

What are five general characteristics of epithelial tissue?

Cells fit closely together, little intercellular material, avascular, free edge, high regenerative capacity. Signup and view all the answers

On what basis are epithelial tissues classified?

Number of layers and cell shape. Signup and view all the answers

What are five functions of epithelium?

Protection, absorption, filtration and secretion, secretion, sensory reception. Signup and view all the answers

How does the function of stratified epithelium differ from that of simple epithelium?

Stratified epithelium has more layers for protection; simple epithelium allows materials to move across them. Signup and view all the answers

Where is ciliated epithelium found?

Lining of the respiratory tract and of the male and female reproductive tracts. Signup and view all the answers

What role does ciliated epithelium play in the respiratory and reproductive tracts?

Sweeps mucus away from the lungs and propels sperm or ova along the tract. Signup and view all the answers

How does transitional epithelium differ structurally from other stratified squamous epithelium?

When stretched, its top layers are squamous; when not stretched, they are pillow-shaped. Signup and view all the answers

How do endocrine and exocrine glands differ in structure and function?

Endocrine glands are ductless and produce hormones; exocrine glands maintain ducts and manufacture secretions. Signup and view all the answers

What tissue lines the esophagus?

Stratified squamous. Signup and view all the answers

What tissue lines the stomach?

Simple columnar. Signup and view all the answers

Which tissue is found in the alveolar sacs of the lungs?

Simple squamous. Signup and view all the answers

What type of tissue forms the dermis of the skin?

Dense fibrous connective tissue. Signup and view all the answers

What are the main functions performed by connective tissue?

Protection, support, binding together of other body tissues, and transportation of substances. Signup and view all the answers

What is the tissue of the heart?

Cardiac. Signup and view all the answers

What are two physiological characteristics highly developed in neurons?

Irritability and conductivity. Signup and view all the answers

How do skeletal and smooth muscle differ in terms of control?

Skeletal is voluntarily controlled; smooth is involuntarily controlled. Signup and view all the answers

What structural feature is unique to cardiac muscle cells?

Contains intercalated discs. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Tissue Definitions and Functions

Tissue is a group of similar cells that perform a common function.
Epithelium lines body cavities and covers the body's external surface, involved in absorption, secretion, and filtration.
Muscle tissue is responsible for pumping blood, flushing urine, and facilitating movements like swinging a bat.
Nervous tissue transmits electrochemical impulses, crucial for communication in the body.
Connective tissue anchors, packages, and supports body organs; it has an abundant extracellular matrix.

Characteristics of Tissue Types

Epithelial Tissue:
- Features include closely packed cells with minimal intercellular material, avascular nature, free edges, and high regenerative capacity.
- Classified by the number of layers (simple vs. stratified) and cell shapes (squamous, cuboidal, columnar).
Connective Tissue:
- Characteristics include a common origin from mesenchyme, varying vascularity, and large amounts of extracellular matrix.
- Functions include protection, support, binding other tissues, and transportation of substances.

Specific Epithelial Types and Locations

Stratified squamous epithelium lines the esophagus and provides protection.
Simple columnar epithelium lines the stomach, aiding in absorption and secretion.
Simple squamous epithelium forms the alveolar sacs of lungs and lines serous membranes.
Transitional epithelium lines the bladder, capable of stretching and maintaining its structure.

Glandular Epithelium

Endocrine glands are ductless, release hormones directly into the bloodstream.
Exocrine glands maintain ducts and secrete substances to body surfaces.

Muscle Tissue Characteristics

Skeletal muscle is voluntarily controlled, striated, and has multiple nuclei; it facilitates locomotion.
Cardiac muscle is involuntarily controlled, striated, contains intercalated discs, and has a single nucleus per cell; it constitutes the heart.
Smooth muscle is involuntarily controlled, non-striated, contains spindle-shaped cells, and lines hollow organs.

Nervous Tissue Structure and Function

Neurons exhibit high irritability and conductivity, facilitating impulse transmission.
Neurons have a unique structure with elongated processes, enabling long-distance communication in the body.

Specialized Connective Tissues

Adipose connective tissue stores fat and insulates against heat loss; its cells appear like a "signet ring."
Dense fibrous connective tissue connects muscles to bones and bones to one another, providing strength.
Hyaline cartilage gives structure to the embryonic skeleton, respiratory passages, and rib cartilages.
Osseous tissue provides hard structure to bones and serves as levers for muscle action.
Elastic cartilage offers flexibility in structures like the external ear.

Summary of Muscle Control

Skeletal muscle allows voluntary movements and is attached to bones.
Cardiac and smooth muscles operate involuntarily and change the volume of organs as they contract.

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Description

Test your knowledge on the classification of tissues with these review flashcards. Each card provides a definition and key terms related to various types of tissues, including epithelium and muscle. Perfect for students looking to solidify their understanding of tissue structure and function.