Questions and Answers
What is the variety of organisms considered at all taxonomic levels as well as the ecosystems which they are a part of?
biodiversity
What is the source of biodiversity?
biological evolution
What is taxonomy?
the science of classification, especially of organisms
In taxonomy, what is one of the ranks of classification (e.g., genus, family)?
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What is a taxon?
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What is the plural of taxon?
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List the eight basic taxonomic categories.
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What is the domain that our species is a part of, characterized by cells with a membrane-bound nucleus and membranous organelles?
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What taxon that our species is classified within has the following characteristics: cells with a membrane-bound nucleus and membranous organelles?
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What is the kingdom that our species is a part of, characterized by being multicellular, having no cell walls or chlorophyll, and nutrition principally ingestive?
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What taxon that our species is classified within has the following characteristics: multicellular, no cell walls or chlorophyll, nutrition principally ingestive, digestion in an internal cavity?
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What is the phylum that our species is a part of characterized by notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord, pharyngeal pouches and gill slits, and postanal tail?
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What taxon that our species is classified within has the following characteristics: notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord, pharyngeal pouches and gill slits, postanal tail?
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What is the class that our species is a part of defined by mammary glands, hair, and a four-chambered heart?
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What taxon that our species is classified within has the following characteristics: mammary glands, hair, three ear ossicles, and a four-chambered heart?
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What is the order that our species is a part of characterized by large cerebral hemispheres and limbs with ball-and-socket articulations?
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What taxon that our species is classified within has the following characteristics: large cerebral hemispheres, orbits surrounded by bone, and pentadactyl limbs?
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What is the family that our species is a part of, characterized by large size and complex social behavior?
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What taxon that our species is classified within has the following characteristics: large size, opposable thumb, and tail absent?
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Study Notes
Biodiversity
- Refers to the variety of organisms at all taxonomic levels and the ecosystems they inhabit.
Biological Evolution
- The process that generates biodiversity among species.
Taxonomy
- The science dedicated to the classification of organisms, encompassing naming, describing, and categorizing living things.
Category in Taxonomy
- A rank of classification within taxonomy, such as genus or family.
Taxon
- A named taxonomic unit representing a group of organisms, examples include Homo sapiens, Hominidae, or Mammalia.
Taxa
- The plural form of taxon.
Basic Taxonomic Categories
- The eight fundamental categories are: Domain, Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species (Mnemonic: Dubious kings play chess on fine grain sand).
Domain Eukarya
- Includes organisms with cells that contain a membrane-bound nucleus and membranous organelles.
Kingdom Animalia
- Characterized as multicellular organisms lacking cell walls or chlorophyll, with an ingestive nutrition system and internal digestion.
Phylum Chordata
- Distinguished by the presence of a notochord, dorsal tubular nerve cord, pharyngeal pouches, gill slits, and a postanal tail.
Class Mammalia
- Notable for features like mammary glands, hair, three ear ossicles, heterodont dentition, a squamosal-dentary jaw articulation, an attached placenta, well-developed facial muscles, a muscular diaphragm, and a four-chambered heart.
Order Primates
- Identified by large cerebral hemispheres, forward-facing orbits, ball-and-socket limb articulations, pentadactyl limbs with opposable digits, flattened nails, and variation in tail presence.
Family Hominidae
- Characterized by larger body size, sexual dimorphism (males larger than females), well-developed upper extremities, opposable thumbs and toes, absence of tails, longer hind limbs than arms, climbing abilities (except for humans), and a unique dental structure.
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Explore the fundamental concepts of biodiversity and biological evolution through these flashcards. Each card defines critical terms related to the variety of organisms and ecosystems. Perfect for students studying environmental science and biology.
