Classification of Stroke Flashcards

Questions and Answers

What are the two types of Ischemic Strokes?

Thrombotic and Embolic (correct)

Thrombotic and Intracerebral

Transient and Thrombotic

Hemorrhagic and Embolic

Clots are most commonly due to atherosclerosis. What is this type of stroke called?

Thrombotic Stroke (correct)

Transient Ischemic Attack

Embolic Stroke

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Where do thrombotic strokes mostly originate?

Internal carotid near bifurcation

The majority of ischemic strokes are pale infarcts in the distribution of the middle cerebral artery.

True Signup and view all the answers

Is it true that thrombotic strokes are rarely preceded by transient ischemic attacks?

False Signup and view all the answers

What kind of stroke is caused by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery?

Thrombotic Stroke Signup and view all the answers

What are common clinical manifestations of thrombotic strokes?

Contralateral hemiparesis, sensory loss, expressive aphasia, visual field defects Signup and view all the answers

Where do embolic strokes mostly originate from?

Left heart in atrial fibrillation Signup and view all the answers

True or False: The majority of patients recover from thrombotic strokes.

True Signup and view all the answers

What are the two types of Hemorrhagic Stroke?

Subarachnoid and Intracerebral Signup and view all the answers

What is another name for Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage?

Intracerebral Hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common cause of intracerebral hemorrhage?

Hypertension Signup and view all the answers

What condition can result from the rupture of Charcot-Buchard microaneurysms?

Intracerebral Hemorrhage Signup and view all the answers

Where are intracerebral hemorrhages most commonly found?

Basal ganglia, thalamus, pons Signup and view all the answers

What is the mortality rate for intracerebral hemorrhage?

30-40% Signup and view all the answers

What does subarachnoid hemorrhage consist of?

Bleeding in the subarachnoid space Signup and view all the answers

What is the etiology of subarachnoid hemorrhage?

Unknown Signup and view all the answers

What can subarachnoid hemorrhage be secondary to?

Rupture of congenital Berry Aneurysm Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of congenital aneurysms associated with subarachnoid hemorrhage?

Absence of the internal elastic lamina and smooth muscle in media of cerebral vessels Signup and view all the answers

Where do hemorrhages in subarachnoid hemorrhage commonly occur?

Junction of the anterior communicating artery with the anterior cerebral artery Signup and view all the answers

What is a common clinical manifestation of subarachnoid hemorrhage?

Worst headache I've ever had Signup and view all the answers

What are other clinical manifestations of subarachnoid hemorrhage?

Nausea, vomiting, stiff neck, light intolerance, complete or partial loss of consciousness Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Ischemic Stroke Types

Two types: Thrombotic and Embolic strokes.

Thrombotic Stroke

Most commonly results from atherosclerosis.
Often originates from the internal carotid near the bifurcation.
Majority of strokes manifest as pale infarcts, primarily affecting the middle cerebral artery.
Frequently preceded by transient ischemic attacks (TIA).
Characterized by occlusion of the middle cerebral artery.
Clinical manifestations include contralateral hemiparesis, sensory loss, expressive aphasia (if Broca's area is involved), and visual field defects like homonymous hemianopia.
A notable recovery rate is observed in the majority of patients.

Embolic Stroke

Often originates from the left heart, particularly in conditions such as atrial fibrillation, rheumatic heart disease, and use of valvular prosthetics.

Hemorrhagic Stroke Types

Two types: Intracerebral and Subarachnoid hemorrhages.

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Also known as Intraparenchymal Hemorrhage.
Most commonly caused by hypertension.
Can be due to ruptured Charcot-Bouchard microaneurysms linked to chronic hypertension.
Commonly occurs in the basal ganglia, thalamus, and pons.
High mortality rate, estimated between 30%-40%.

Subarachnoid Hemorrhage

Defined as bleeding in the subarachnoid space.
Etiology is often unknown.
Frequently secondary to the rupture of congenital Berry Aneurysms in patients, typically women, aged 40-65 years.
Congenital aneurysms are characterized by an absence of the internal elastic lamina and smooth muscle in cerebral vessel media.
Common hemorrhage site is at the junction of the anterior communicating artery and the anterior cerebral artery.
Clinical manifestations include severe headache ("worst headache I've ever had"), nausea/vomiting, stiff neck, light intolerance, and possible loss of consciousness (partial or complete).

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Description

This quiz focuses on the classification of strokes, specifically ischemic strokes. It covers key terms and definitions related to thrombotic and embolic strokes, as well as their causes and characteristics. Perfect for medical students and healthcare professionals looking to test their knowledge on this crucial topic.