Questions and Answers
What is the DSM 5 definition of mental illness (2013)?
A mental disorder is a syndrome characterized by clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior that reflects a dysfunction in the psychological, biological, or developmental processes underlying mental functioning.
What cases does the DSM 5 (2013) state are not to be classified as mental disorders?
An expectable or culturally approved response to a common stressor or loss, such as the death of a loved one.
What is WHO's definition of mental health?
Mental health refers to a broad array of activities directly or indirectly related to the mental well-being component included in the WHO's definition of health.
According to WHO, what do mental disorders comprise of?
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What is classification?
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What systems of classification are there?
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Classification or categorization is a feature of what?
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When did medical science make progress in classification of illness?
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What did the Statistical Committee of the Royal Medico-Psychological Association in Britain devise?
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What did Kraepelin's early classification system do?
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When did the classification of mental disorders occur?
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What are the current systems of classification?
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What are the DSM 5 and ICD 10 both intended to enable?
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What criticisms are there of the DSM 5?
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What is the purpose of diagnosis via the DSM 5?
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The ICD 10 is the standard diagnostic tool for what?
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What is the ICD 10 used to do?
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Who is the ICD 10 used by?
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Why do we need classification?
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Study Notes
Definition of Mental Illness
- DSM 5 defines a mental disorder as a syndrome causing significant disturbances in cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior.
- Reflects dysfunction in psychological, biological, or developmental processes.
- Associated with notable distress or disability in social, occupational, or essential activities.
Exclusions from Mental Disorders
- Expectable/culturally approved responses to common stressors (e.g., grief) are not classified as mental disorders.
- Sexual deviance or conflicts primarily between the individual and society aren't disorders unless caused by individual dysfunction.
WHO's Definition of Mental Health
- Mental health encompasses a broad range of activities related to mental well-being.
- Integrates promotion of well-being, prevention of disorders, and rehabilitation of those affected.
Composition of Mental Disorders
- Characterized by varying problems with abnormal thoughts, emotions, behavior, and interpersonal relationships.
- Examples include schizophrenia, depression, mental retardation, and substance abuse disorders.
Classification Explanation
- Classification involves grouping psychological disorders by shared symptom patterns.
- A single symptom can appear in multiple disorders.
Classification Systems
- DSM (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual) by the American Psychiatric Association.
- ICD (International Classification of Diseases) by the World Health Organization, predominant in the UK.
Science and Classification
- Classification is a fundamental aspect of scientific practice.
Historical Progress in Classification
- Medical science saw advancements in illness classification in the 19th century.
- The Statistical Committee of the Royal Medico-Psychological Association in Britain introduced a classification scheme in 1882.
Early Classification Systems
- Kraepelin's early methods distinguished between dementia praecox and manic-depressive psychosis based on physical characteristics.
- Formal classification of mental disorders began around 1933, identifying 11 disorder classes and their suspected causes.
Current Classification Systems
- Present-day systems include DSM 5 (2013) and ICD 10 (1994).
- Both systems facilitate the classification of diseases and link them to explanations and treatments.
Criticisms of DSM 5
- Increased ease of qualifying for a mental disorder.
- Concerns over the implications of fewer symptoms required for diagnosis.
- Potential service gaps from eliminating specific categories (e.g., Asperger's).
- Issues regarding borderline cases, eligibility for services, and consequences on employment records.
Purpose of DSM 5 Diagnosis
- Provides clinical utility to aid in prognosis, treatment planning, and potential outcomes.
- Diagnosis does not automatically indicate a need for treatment.
- Aims to reduce clinical uncertainty surrounding patient conditions.
Function of ICD 10
- Serves as the standard diagnostic tool for epidemiology and health management.
- Used to monitor the incidence and prevalence of various diseases and health issues.
Users of ICD 10
- Utilized by healthcare providers, researchers, policymakers, insurers, and patient organizations for disease classification.
Importance of Classification
- Enables critical distinctions among conditions and facilitates organization based on similarities.
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Description
Explore the definitions and concepts related to mental illness with these flashcards. This quiz focuses on the DSM 5 classification from 2013, providing insights into the characteristics and impacts of mental disorders. It's a great resource for students and professionals in psychology and mental health.
