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Questions and Answers
Which of these are the four major categories of diuretics?
Which of these are the four major categories of diuretics?
- Osmotic (correct)
- Potassium-sparing (correct)
- Thiazide (correct)
- Loop (correct)
What is a common example of a loop diuretic?
What is a common example of a loop diuretic?
Furosemide (Lasix)
What is a common example of a thiazide diuretic?
What is a common example of a thiazide diuretic?
Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ)
What is a common example of an osmotic diuretic?
What is a common example of an osmotic diuretic?
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What are the two subcategories of potassium-sparing diuretics?
What are the two subcategories of potassium-sparing diuretics?
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Study Notes
Classification of Diuretics
- Diuretics are classified into four major categories: loop, thiazide, osmotic, and potassium-sparing.
Loop Diuretics
- Furosemide, commonly known as Lasix, is a prototypical loop diuretic.
- Loop diuretics inhibit the reabsorption of sodium and chloride in the ascending loop of Henle.
Thiazide Diuretics
- Hydrochlorothiazide (HCTZ) is a widely used thiazide diuretic.
- Thiazide diuretics work primarily on the distal convoluted tubule to promote sodium and water excretion.
Osmotic Diuretics
- Mannitol is the primary example of an osmotic diuretic.
- Osmotic diuretics increase urine flow by drawing water into the renal tubules due to osmotic pressure.
Potassium Sparing Diuretics
- This category has two subcategories:
- Aldosterone antagonists, such as spironolactone, block the effects of aldosterone, promoting sodium excretion while conserving potassium.
- Nonaldosterone antagonists, like triamterene, also prevent potassium loss through different mechanisms.
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