Classification and Pharmacological Effects of β-Blockers by Dr. Asmaa El-rakhawy
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Questions and Answers

Which of the following is NOT a therapeutic use of beta-blockers?

  • Treatment of hypertension
  • Cardiac arrhythmias
  • Ischemic heart disease
  • Hyperthyroidism (correct)

    • What is the primary reason for the ultrashort duration of action of esmolol?

  • It has a high volume of distribution.
  • It is rapidly metabolized by cytochrome P450 enzymes.
  • It undergoes extensive hydrolysis by plasma esterases. (correct)
  • It is rapidly eliminated by the kidneys.

    • Which of the following statements about pindolol is correct?

  • It causes excessive bradycardia.
  • It is a full agonist at beta-adrenergic receptors.
  • It has no agonist activity at beta-adrenergic receptors.
  • It is a partial agonist at beta-adrenergic receptors. (correct)

    • Which of the following statements about the use of beta-blockers in hypertrophic obstructive cardiomyopathy is correct?

    <p>Beta-blockers decrease heart rate and contractility, reducing outflow resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism by which propranolol manages symptoms of hyperthyroidism?

    <p>It decreases tachycardia, anxiety, and tremors due to sympathetic overactivity.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the classification of beta-receptor blockers?

    <p>Nonselective beta-blockers block both beta-1 and beta-2 receptors, while selective beta-blockers block only beta-1 receptors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements about the use of esmolol in acute arrhythmias during surgery is correct?

    <p>Esmolol is given by intravenous infusion for acute arrhythmias during surgery.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the cardiovascular effects of beta-blockers?

    <p>Some beta-blockers can decrease blood pressure by blocking vascular alpha-1 receptors or inhibiting the synthesis of prostaglandins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the respiratory effects of beta-blockers?

    <p>Both nonselective and selective beta-blockers can produce bronchospasm, even at high doses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the effects of beta-blockers on the central nervous system?

    <p>Beta-blockers with good CNS penetration can produce antianxiety effects and sexual dysfunction, while those with limited CNS penetration have no CNS effects.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the metabolic effects of beta-blockers?

    <p>Beta-blockers increase plasma triglyceride levels and decrease HDL cholesterol levels.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a selective $\beta_1$ blocker?

    <p>Bisoprolol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following statements accurately describes the effects of beta-blockers on skeletal muscle?

    <p>Beta-blockers decrease essential tremors by blocking beta-2 receptors in skeletal muscle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of propranolol in the treatment of esophageal varices due to liver cirrhosis?

    <p>Propranolol reduces portal and hepatic blood flow by decreasing cardiac output and vascular compliance in the splanchnic vascular bed due to unopposed alpha-adrenergic action.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is NOT a use of beta-blockers?

    <p>Treatment of bronchial asthma</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is a common adverse effect of beta-blockers?

    <p>Tiredness and fatigue</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following is an absolute contraindication for the use of beta-blockers?

    <p>Peripheral vascular disease</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the recommended management for sudden withdrawal of beta-blockers after prolonged use?

    <p>Gradual tapering of the dose over a few days</p> Signup and view all the answers

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