Classification and Animal Kingdom Flashcards
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Questions and Answers

Plants are classified in the domain ___ and the kingdom ____

Eukarya, Plantae

Plants are ________ eukaryotes with cell walls made of _____

multicellular, cellulose

Plants are ___ and most are _____

autotrophs, photosynthetic

Plants are composed of organs such as ____, ____, and ____

<p>roots, stems, leaves</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most plants reproduce by '_________'

<p>alteration of generation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Plants reproduce _____ and _____

<p>asexually and sexually</p> Signup and view all the answers

Male gametophytes form ____

<p>pollen grains</p> Signup and view all the answers

Female gametophytes produce a ___

<p>seed</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of members of the kingdom Plantae?

<p>Trees, grasses, ferns, mosses, flowers, fruits, and vegetables</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fungi are classified in the domain __, Kingdom _____

<p>Eukarya, Fungi</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fungi are ____ with cell walls made of _____

<p>Eukaryotic, Chitin</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fungi are ____ and most are ____

<p>heterotrophs, multicellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where can fungi get their energy from?

<p>Host, Mutualistic relationship, Dead material</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fungi are composed of filament called _____

<p>hyphae</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mushrooms are ______ _____

<p>fruiting bodies</p> Signup and view all the answers

Fungi reproduce __ and ___

<p>asexually, sexually</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do Fungi reproduce?

<p>Budding, fragmentation, and spore production</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples from the kingdom Fungi?

<p>Earthstar fungi, Jelly fungi, Mildew, and Yeast</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of helpful fungi?

<p>Edible (Morale), antibiotics, agriculture, food production</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of harmful fungi?

<p>Agriculture (corn smut), human disease (athlete's foot), food mold, pest control</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria are classified in kingdoms ___ or __

<p>Eubacteria or Archaebacteria</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria are __

<p>prokaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

Bacteria are very small and ___

<p>unicellular</p> Signup and view all the answers

What three shapes are bacteria classified in?

<p>Rod, sphere, and spiral</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do bacteria reproduce?

<p>Quickly, asexually, by binary fission</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are examples of helpful bacteria?

<p>Decomposers</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example from the kingdom Bacteria?

<p>E. Coli</p> Signup and view all the answers

How do viruses reproduce?

<p>By infecting cells</p> Signup and view all the answers

Viruses are composed of ___ or ___

<p>DNA or RNA</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is an example of a virus?

<p>Mumps</p> Signup and view all the answers

To group ideas, information, or objects based on similarities is to ____

<p>classify</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the science of classifying and naming organisms?

<p>Taxonomy</p> Signup and view all the answers

Who is the Swedish botanist who developed the naming system?

<p>Carl Linnaeus</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the three domains?

<p>Archaea, Eubacteria, Eukarya</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the kingdoms?

<p>Bacteria, Protist, Fungi, Animal, Plant</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are the levels of classification?

<p>Kingdom, Phylum, Class, Order, Family, Genus, Species</p> Signup and view all the answers

Animals are classified in the domain ___ and kingdom ___

<p>Eukarya, Animalia</p> Signup and view all the answers

All animals are ____, multicellular ____

<p>heterotrophic, eukaryotes</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are 7 functions do animals carry out?

<p>Feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, reproduction</p> Signup and view all the answers

Most animals exhibit what three body symmetry?

<p>Asymmetry, radial symmetry, bilateral symmetry</p> Signup and view all the answers

Complex animals exhibit ___ and ____

<p>cephalization and segmentation</p> Signup and view all the answers

Animals that have no backbone or vertebral column are called ____

<p>invertebrates</p> Signup and view all the answers

How much of the animal kingdom are invertebrates?

<p>95%</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tell me about Phylum Porifera.

<p>Sponges - Sponges have tiny openings or pores all over their bodies. No mouth or gut.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Tell me about Phylum Cnidaria.

<p>Simple, soft-bodied, carnivorous animals. Stinging...</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Classification of Living Organisms

  • Plants belong to the domain Eukarya and the kingdom Plantae.
  • Fungi are classified under the domain Eukarya and the kingdom Fungi.
  • Bacteria are found in either the Eubacteria or Archaebacteria kingdoms.
  • Viruses are not classified within the traditional kingdoms as they are acellular and require host cells to reproduce.

Characteristics of Plants

  • Plants are multicellular eukaryotes with cellulose-based cell walls.
  • They are autotrophic and primarily photosynthetic, converting sunlight into energy.
  • Key plant structures include roots, stems, and leaves.
  • Reproduction in plants occurs through "alteration of generations," involving both asexual and sexual reproduction.

Plant Reproductive Structures

  • Male gametophytes develop into pollen grains.
  • Female gametophytes produce seeds.
  • Examples of plants in the kingdom Plantae include trees, grasses, ferns, mosses, flowers, fruits, and vegetables.

Characteristics of Fungi

  • Fungi are eukaryotic organisms with cell walls made of chitin.
  • They are typically multicellular heterotrophs, obtaining nutrients via absorption from hosts, mutualistic relationships, or decomposing dead material.
  • Fungi consist of hyphae, filamentous structures that contribute to their growth.
  • Mushrooms are specialized reproductive structures known as fruiting bodies.

Fungal Reproduction

  • Fungi reproduce both asexually (e.g., budding and fragmentation) and sexually, often through spore production.
  • Examples of fungi include earthstar fungi, jelly fungi, mildew, and yeast.
  • Beneficial fungi are used in food production, agriculture, and medicine (e.g., antibiotics), while harmful fungi can cause diseases and spoilage.

Characteristics of Bacteria

  • Bacteria are prokaryotic, unicellular organisms that can be classified by shape into rods, spheres, or spirals.
  • They reproduce quickly and asexually through a process known as binary fission.
  • Helpful bacteria play crucial roles as decomposers in ecosystems, aiding nutrient cycling.

Viruses and Their Characteristics

  • Viruses consist of either DNA or RNA enclosed in a protein coat and reproduce by infecting host cells.
  • An example of a virus includes the mumps virus.

Taxonomy and Classification

  • Taxonomy is the science of classifying and naming organisms to group them based on similarities.
  • Carl Linnaeus is recognized for developing the system of naming organisms.
  • The three domains of life are Archaea, Eubacteria, and Eukarya.
  • The kingdoms include bacteria, protists, fungi, animals, and plants.
  • The levels of classification from broad to specific are: kingdom, phylum, class, order, family, genus, species.

Characteristics of Animals

  • Animals belong to the domain Eukarya and the kingdom Animalia.
  • All animals are heterotrophic, multicellular eukaryotes.
  • They perform seven essential functions: feeding, respiration, circulation, excretion, response, movement, and reproduction.
  • Animals exhibit three types of body symmetry: asymmetry, radial symmetry, and bilateral symmetry.
  • Complex animals can show cephalization (development of a head) and segmentation (division of the body into parts).

Invertebrates

  • Invertebrates are animals without a backbone, constituting approximately 95% of the animal kingdom.
  • Phylum Porifera includes sponges, characterized by numerous pores and lack of a true mouth or gut.
  • Phylum Cnidaria comprises simple, soft-bodied, carnivorous organisms often equipped with stinging cells.

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Description

Explore the fascinating world of plants with these flashcards focused on their classification and characteristics. Each card presents key terms and definitions related to plant biology, including their cellular structure and nutritional processes. Perfect for students wanting to deepen their understanding of the plant kingdom.

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