Classical Liberalism and Labor Movements

Classical Liberalism's Consequences

• The Industrial Revolution created stark wealth inequality (disparity), child labor, worker abuse, and environmental damage.
• Individuals could invest and profit, but many workers faced unsafe conditions for low pay.
• "Robber barons" exploited workers, creating social unrest and contributing to issues like pollution and slums.
• Technological advancements led to worker displacement and protests, exemplified by the Luddites.

Labour Movements and Unions

• Harsh working conditions spurred the formation of labor movements and unions.
• Workers sought to have their own voice and interests represented, challenging the idea of universal opportunity.
• Unions gained influence, culminating in the creation of the International Labour Organization (ILO) in 1919.
• Unions played a role in worker protection, strikes, and potentially higher prices of goods by demanding increased wages.

Chartism

• Chartism was a significant worker movement (1838-1857) demanding greater political involvement.
• The People's Charter of 1838 advocated for universal male suffrage, secret ballots, equal electoral districts, and annual elections (no fixed terms for MPs).
• The Chartist movement encountered resistance from Parliament and did not achieve its goals until later reforms, focusing on electoral reform.

Factory Acts and Worker Protection

• Factory Acts in the late 1800s and early 1900s improved worker conditions, especially for women and children.
• These laws focused on workplace safety and limitations on working hours for younger employees.
• The laws are seen as a progressive step aligned with liberal principles promoting workers' rights.

Feminism

• The Industrial Revolution saw women working alongside men, but gender inequality persisted.
• Suffragists advocated for women's rights, including the right to vote.
• Modern feminism continues to fight for gender equality.

Voting Rights - Universal Suffrage

• Liberalism promotes the idea that all citizens should equally participate and have a vote.
• Universal Suffrage, where every adult has the right to vote, is a key concept of liberalism.
• Canada granted women the vote in 1918; Aboriginal peoples followed in 1960.

Explore the impact of classical liberalism on society during the Industrial Revolution. This quiz examines the rise of wealth inequality, labor movements, unions, and significant worker movements like Chartism, highlighting their consequences on workers' rights and conditions.