Classical Era Music and Composers

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Questions and Answers

The classical style in music flourished during the period

  • 1730-1770
  • 1820-1900
  • 1750-1820 (correct)
  • 1600-1750

Which of the following composers is not considered a master of the classical period?

  • Ludwig van Beethoven
  • Johann Christian Bach (correct)
  • Wolfgang A. Mozart
  • Joseph Haydn

Which of the following statements is not true of the music of the classical period?

  • The basso continuo was the nucleus of the instrumental ensemble. (correct)
  • Classical melodies are among the most tuneful and easy to remember.
  • Classical composers stressed balance and clarity of structure.
  • The standard orchestra comprised of four sections evolved during the classical period.

The typical orchestra of the classical period consisted of

<p>strings, pairs of woodwinds, horns, trumpets, and timpani (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following instruments were not normally included in the classical orchestra?

<p>saxophones (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Social mobility during the classical period was

<p>an important factor in the rise of the middle class (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Political and economic power shifted from the church and the aristocracy to the

<p>middle class (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the classical period, serious composition was flavored by

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The prospering middle class in the classical period sought aristocratic luxuries such as

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is not true?

<p>Political and economic power shifted during the classical period from the middle class to the aristocracy and the church. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Composers in the classical period took middle-class tastes into account by

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In the classical period, comic operas sometimes

<p>ridiculed the aristocracy (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A symphony is a

<p>sonata for orchestra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Short musical ideas or fragments of themes that are developed within a composition are called

<p>motives (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Each successive variation in a theme with variations

<p>retains some elements of the theme (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Theme-and-variations form may be schematically outlined as

<p>AA'A2A3A4 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following elements is usually not changed in varying the theme in theme and variations form?

<p>length (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The minuet and trio movement of a classical symphony, string quartet, or other work, is in ____ form.

<p>ABA (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not true of the minuet?

<p>quick, lively tempo (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A common rondo pattern is

<p>ABACA (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is not true?

<p>The rondo as a musical form was not used in musical compositions after the classical period. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Symphony may be defined as a(n)

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is not true of the symphony?

<p>A musical composition for solo instrument and orchestra. (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A symphony is unified partly by the use of the same

<p>key in three of its movements (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A concerto is a large-scale work in several movements for

<p>an instrumental soloist and orchestra (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is not true?

<p>A typical sequence of movements in a classical concerto is fast, slow, dance-related, fast. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The favored solo instrument in the classical concerto was the

<p>violin (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

An unaccompanied showpiece for the concerto's soloist is known as a

<p>cadenza (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Classical chamber music is designed

<p>for the intimate setting of a small room (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The most important form of classical chamber music is the

<p>string quartet (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A major factor that distinguishes chamber music from the symphony or concerto is that chamber music

<p>is performed by one player per part (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is not true?

<p>Chamber music is generally played but the full orchestra. (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Joseph Haydn was content to spend most of his life

<p>serving a wealthy aristocratic family (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Haydn was fortunate in having a long and fruitful, as well as financially stable relationship with the noble Hungarian family of

<p>Esterhazy (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Haydn was a prolific composer, as demonstrated in part by his 68 string quartets and 104

<p>symphonies (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Along with his symphonies, Haydn's ______ are considered his most important works.

<p>string quartets</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mozart was born in

<p>Salzburg, Austria (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

By the age of six, Mozart could

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following statements is not true?

<p>In his later years, Mozart was financially well off, widely acclaimed, and sought after by an adoring public. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mozart composed his Requiem

<p>on commission from a stranger (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The standard catalog of the compositions of Mozart was made by

<p>Ludwig von Köchel (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In composing music, Mozart

<p>composed extended works completely in his mind (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Beethoven

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

We have a record of Beethoven's struggle with his musical material because of his habit of

<p>carrying musical sketchbooks (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Beethoven's late works, composed after he was totally deaf, include

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Beethoven, in comparison with earlier composers, was far more extensive and explicit in marking

<p>all of the above (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Classical Era Music Period

The period in music history from roughly 1750-1820.

Classical Period Composers

Important composers of the Classical period include Mozart, Haydn, and Beethoven.

Classical Music Characteristics

Classical music features clear structure, balanced melodies, and a focus on clarity.

Classical Orchestra Instruments

The typical orchestra included strings, woodwinds, horns, trumpets, and timpani.

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Classical Orchestra Instruments - Excluded

Saxophones were not typically part of a classical orchestra.

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Classical Period Social Shift

Power shifted from the aristocracy and church to the middle class.

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Classical Period Influences

Classical composers were inspired by folk and popular music, and sometimes mythology.

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Classical Period Middle Class

The middle class desired and appreciated the arts, including music, literature and theater

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Classical Period Comic Opera

Comic operas often satirized the aristocracy using folk-like tunes and middle-class themes.

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Symphony Definition

An orchestral composition typically in four movements.

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Motive (Music)

Short musical ideas used to create themes in classical music.

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Theme and Variations

A musical form featuring a main theme repeated in different forms.

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Minuet and Trio

A classical music form with the structure (ABA).

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Rondo Form

Musical piece with a dominant recurring theme.

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Sonata-Rondo Form

A form combining elements of sonata and rondo forms.

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Classical Period Orchestra

It is a standard ensemble of string, woodwinds, brass and percussion instruments.

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Typical Classical Orchestra

Had strings, pairs of woodwinds, horns, trumpets, and timpani.

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Classical Period Music Exam Question 1

Classical style flourished from 1750–1820.

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Classical Music Question 2

Beethoven is considered a master of the classical period.

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Study Notes

Classical Era Music

  • Classical Era Time Period: 1750-1820
  • Classical Music Characteristics: Tuneful, easily remembered melodies; balance and clarity of structure; standard orchestra with four sections (strings, woodwinds, horns, trumpets, and timpani).

Classical Composers

  • Masters of the Classical Period: Mozart, Beethoven, Haydn, not Johann Christian Bach
  • Composers' Works: Famous for symphonies, string quartets, and other instrumental music.

Classical Orchestra

  • Typical Classical Orchestra: Strings, pairs of woodwinds, horns, trumpets, and timpani.
  • Instruments NOT normally included: Saxophones, trombones, etc.
  • Orchestra Evolution: The standard orchestra with four sections developed during this period.

Classical Social Mobility

  • Social Mobility: Increased mobility for the middle class; promoted by the rise of the middle class.
  • Political and Economic Power Shift: From church and aristocracy to middle class.

Classical Music Forms

  • Symphony: A large-scale work for orchestra, usually in four movements.
  • Concerto: A work for a solo instrument and orchestra.
  • String Quartet: A chamber music ensemble for two violins, viola, and cello.
  • Sonata: A work for solo instrument, or an instrument with keyboard accompaniment.
  • Rondo: A musical form with a recurring main theme alternating with other themes.
  • Theme & Variations: A musical form where a theme is presented and repeated in various forms.
  • Minuet & Trio: A movement of a symphony, string quartet, etc. which follows an ABA pattern.

Classical Music Characteristics Continued

  • Classical Music Flavors: Folk and popular music influenced serious composition in the period; heroic and mythological plots; elaborate improvisational melodies.
  • Middle Class Tastes: Composers considered middle class tastes, frequently employing folk and popular music in serious compositions, and occasionally ridiculed the aristocracy in comic operas.
  • Comic Operas: Common in the classical period; included middle-class subjects, folk tunes, and often satirized the aristocracy.
  • Public Concerts: Townspeople held public concerts where they could hear the latest symphonies and concertos.

Classical Composers' Works (Further Details)

  • Haydn: Wrote numerous string quartets and symphonies for the Esterhazy family.
  • Mozart: Composed various well-known symphonies, operas (e.g., The Marriage of Figaro), concertos, string quartets, etc.
  • Beethoven: Famous for his late works, after he became totally deaf. Examples are late string quartets, the Ninth Symphony; explored new musical avenues.

Classical Music Techniques

  • Musical Improvisation: A key aspect of the classical period, especially in concertos, where soloists improvised on cadenzas (unaccompanied passages) during performances.
  • Beethoven's Marking: Explicit marking of expressive indications (e.g. tempo and dynamics) and extensive dynamics were common.
  • Musical Forms: The usage of musical forms (e.g., sonata form, minuet and trio, theme and variations) became common.

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