Classes of Lipids Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What is the definition of a lipid?

  • A biomolecule that is soluble in water
  • A biomolecule that is more soluble in nonpolar solvents than in polar ones (correct)
  • A family of biomolecules only found in polar solvents
  • None of the above

What are the main functions of waxes?

Protection and waterproofing

What are triacylglycerols commonly known as?

Fats and oils

What is the structure of glycerophospholipids?

<p>Glycerol backbone with 2 fatty acids and PO4-amino alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structure of sphingolipids?

<p>Sphingosine backbone attached to a fatty acid and a PO4-amino alcohol</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main structure characteristic of steroids?

<p>Contains a nucleus of four fused carbon rings</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the structural composition of prostaglandins?

<p>5 membered ring with 2 chains</p> Signup and view all the answers

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Study Notes

Classes of Lipids

  • Lipids: Biomolecules predominantly soluble in nonpolar solvents; generally insoluble in water, playing crucial roles in energy storage and cell structure.

Types of Lipids

  • Wax:

    • Similar to esters with extended R groups, leading to insolubility.
    • Functions include protection and waterproofing surfaces.

  • Triacylglycerols (Triglycerides):

    • Composed of glycerol bonded to three fatty acids through ester linkages.
    • Primarily responsible for energy storage in the body.

  • Glycerophospholipids:

    • Made from glycerol, with two fatty acids and a phosphate group linked to an amino alcohol.
    • Essential for forming cell membranes, providing structure and protection.

  • Sphingolipids:

    • Feature a sphingosine backbone resembling an "L" shape, connected to a fatty acid and a phosphate-amino alcohol.
    • Important for the integrity of nerve cell membranes.

  • Steroids:

    • Characterized by four fused carbon rings; lack fatty acid structures.
    • Serve as hormones that regulate various biological functions.

  • Prostaglandins:

    • Derived from fatty acids, having a unique 5-membered ring structure with two chain-like appendages.
    • Act as localized chemical messengers with hormone-like effects.

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