Class VI Physics: Light and Reflection

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Questions and Answers

What do these experiences suggest about the path of light?

Light travels in a straight line.

Why was Boojho not able to see the candle flame through a bent pipe?

Light travels in a straight line. So when the light passes through a bent pipe, it changes direction, and the candle flame is no longer in the line of sight.

How can we change the path of light?

One way to change the path of light is by reflection. When light falls on a shiny surface, it bounces back, changing its direction. Another way to change the path of light is through refraction, which is the bending of light as it passes from one medium to another.

A mirror only changes the direction of light.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reflection of light?

<p>Reflection of light is the phenomenon of light bouncing back from a surface. When light hits such a surface, it changes direction and reflects back in a predictable way.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the activity with the torch, chart paper and plane mirror demonstrate?

<p>The activity demonstrates that mirrors change the direction of light. The light hitting the mirror is reflected, and this reflected light is what we see as the image.</p> Signup and view all the answers

If you move the torch slightly to either side, what happens to the reflected light?

<p>The reflected light also changes direction, following the same angle as the original light. The angle of incidence equals the angle of reflection.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you see when you look into the mirror along the direction of the reflected light?

<p>You see the image of the slits in the mirror. This shows that an image is formed by the reflection of light from the mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What makes things visible to us?

<p>Things are visible to us when light from the object reaches our eyes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The image produced by a plane mirror is always upright, and the same size as the object.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Where is the image formed by a plane mirror?

<p>The image is formed behind the mirror, at the same distance from the mirror as the object is in front of the mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when light falls on a polished or a shiny surface?

<p>When light falls on a polished or shiny surface, it reflects. This means the light bounces back from the surface, and the direction of the light changes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the side of a person's image in a plane mirror?

<p>The sides are reversed, left becomes right and right becomes left.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the word 'AMBULANCE' written like on the back of an ambulance, and why?

<p>The word 'AMBULANCE' is written in reverse on the back of an ambulance, so that when a driver ahead of the ambulance looks in their rearview mirror, they can read the word correctly and give way to the ambulance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The images in side mirrors of vehicles are smaller than the objects themselves.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when light falls on a concave mirror?

<p>Depending on the position of the object, a concave mirror can form two kinds of images: real and inverted images if the object is far from the mirror, and virtual and upright images if the object is closer to the mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a real image?

<p>A real image is an image formed by a lens or mirror when the light rays converge at a point. It can actually be projected onto a screen.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a spherical mirror?

<p>A spherical mirror is a mirror whose reflecting surface is a part of a sphere. The curved surface of a spoon is a common example of a spherical mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a concave mirror?

<p>A concave mirror is a spherical mirror where the reflecting surface curves inward. This makes it look like the inside of a spoon.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of image is formed by a concave mirror?

<p>A concave mirror can form both real and virtual images. A real image is formed when the object is placed far from the mirror, and it is inverted and magnified. A virtual image is formed when the object is placed close to the mirror, and it is upright and magnified.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a lens?

<p>A lens is a piece of transparent material, usually glass or plastic, that refracts light as it passes through it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a convex lens?

<p>A convex lens is a lens that is thicker in the middle than at the edges. It causes light rays to converge, or bend inwards, after passing through it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What are some of the applications of convex lenses?

<p>Convex lenses are used in a variety of applications, including magnifying glasses, telescopes, cameras, and eyeglasses.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of image is formed by a concave lens?

<p>A concave lens always forms a virtual, upright, and diminished image, meaning the image appears smaller than the object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of image is formed when an object is placed beyond the center of curvature of a concave lens?

<p>When an object is placed beyond the center of curvature of a concave lens, a virtual, upright, and diminished image is formed. The image is located between the lens and the object, closer to the lens.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A convex lens can be used to correct nearsightedness.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the color of sunlight?

<p>Sunlight is a mixture of seven colors: red, orange, yellow, green, blue, indigo, and violet.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Describe the nature of light.

<p>Light is a form of electromagnetic radiation that is visible to the human eye. It travels in waves and can also behave like particles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when a beam of white light passes through a prism?

<p>When a beam of white light passes through a prism, it is split into seven colors, making a rainbow. This shows that white light is a mixture of different colors.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How can we obtain white light by mixing the seven colors of the rainbow?

<p>We can obtain white light again by mixing the seven colors of the rainbow. This can be done by using a rotating disc painted with the seven colors. When the disc rotates quickly, the colors blend together, appearing as white.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you observe when light enters a room through a narrow opening or a hole?

<p>You observe a beam of sunlight</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do these experiences suggest?

<p>These experiences suggest that light travels in a straight line.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the change in direction of light by a mirror called?

<p>The change in direction of light by a mirror is called reflection of light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Does the mirror change the direction of light that falls on it?

<p>Yes, the mirror changes the direction of light.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Do you find any change in the direction of reflected light when you move the torch slightly to either side?

<p>Yes, you find a change in the direction of reflected light when you move the torch slightly to either side.</p> Signup and view all the answers

You can see the slits in the mirror.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you see in the mirror?

<p>You see the image of the slits.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you observe when a lighted candle is placed in front of a plane mirror?

<p>You observe that the flame of the candle appears as if a similar candle is placed behind the mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the image of the candle formed by the mirror called?

<p>The image of the candle formed by the mirror is called the image of the candle.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The candle itself is the object.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you observe when you move the candle to different positions in front of the mirror?

<p>When you move the candle to different positions in front of the mirror, you observe that the image also moves accordingly.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Boojho thinks that objects are visible only when light reflected from them reaches our eyes.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The image formed by a plane mirror is always upright.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The image formed by a plane mirror is always the same size as the object.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is possible to obtain the image of a candle on a screen placed behind the mirror.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

It is possible to obtain the image of the candle on a screen placed in front of the mirror.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What relation do you find between the distance of the image from the mirror and that of the object in front of it?

<p>The distance of the image from the mirror is always the same as the distance of the object from the mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the light falls on a shiny stainless steel plate or a shining steel spoon?

<p>When light falls on a shiny stainless steel plate or a shining steel spoon, it gets reflected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The surface of water can act like a mirror and change the path of light.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a mirror?

<p>Any polished or shiny surface can act as a mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when light falls on a mirror?

<p>When light falls on a mirror, it gets reflected.</p> Signup and view all the answers

A mirror changes the direction of light that falls on it.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

A plane mirror forms a real image.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What kind of image does a plane mirror form?

<p>A plane mirror forms a virtual image.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The image formed by a plane mirror is inverted.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The image formed by a plane mirror is the same size as the object?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The image formed by a plane mirror is at the same distance from the mirror as the object is in front of it.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What do you see in the left side of the image?

<p>You see the right side of the object.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when you write your name on a piece of paper and hold it in front of a plane mirror?

<p>When you write your name on a piece of paper and hold it in front of a plane mirror, the image of your name will be reversed.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How does the word 'AMBULANCE' appear in the mirror?

<p>The word 'AMBULANCE' appears reversed in the mirror.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Why is the word 'AMBULANCE' written in a strange manner?

<p>The word 'AMBULANCE' is written in a strange manner so that when the driver of a vehicle ahead of an ambulance looks in their rearview mirror, they can read 'AMBULANCE' and give way to it.</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a plane mirror, the image is formed behind the mirror?

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a plane mirror the image is erect.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a plane mirror, the image is of the same size as the object.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You can obtain the image of a candle on a screen placed behind the mirror.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

You can obtain the image of a candle on a screen placed in front of the mirror.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Mirrors can be used as weapons.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Archimedes, a Greek scientist, is said to have used mirrors as weapons.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

How does light travel?

Light travels in a straight line, meaning it moves in a single, uninterrupted direction.

What is reflection?

When light strikes a surface, it bounces back, changing its direction. This change of direction is called reflection.

What is a plane mirror?

A flat, smooth surface that reflects light, creating an image. This is often a polished surface like a mirror or still water.

What is a real image?

An image that can be projected onto a screen, formed when light rays converge at a point.

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What is a virtual image?

An image that cannot be projected onto a screen, formed when light rays seem to originate from a point behind the mirror.

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What is a concave mirror?

A type of mirror where the reflecting surface curves inwards, like the inside of a spoon. It can produce magnified, real, or virtual images.

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What is a convex mirror?

A type of mirror where the reflecting surface curves outwards, like the back of a spoon. It always produces virtual, upright, and smaller images.

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What is a convex lens?

A type of lens that is thicker in the middle than at the edges. It bends light rays inwards, causing them to converge.

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What is a concave lens?

A type of lens that is thinner in the middle than at the edges. It bends light rays outwards, causing them to diverge.

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What are the colors of white light?

White light is actually made up of a combination of different colors, which are revealed when white light is passed through a prism.

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What is a lens?

A transparent object that can bend light, causing it to change direction. This is often a piece of glass shaped in a specific way.

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What is a prism?

An optical device made of glass or other transparent material with a triangular shape. It is used to separate light into different colors.

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What is an erect image?

An image that is upright, meaning it is not inverted.

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What is a mirrored image?

An image where the left side appears as the right side and vice versa, creating a mirror image effect.

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What is a rearview mirror?

A mirror used to help drivers see what is behind their vehicle. It is usually convex.

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What is a side mirror?

A mirror used to provide a wider view of traffic on the side of a car. It is usually convex.

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What is a magnifying glass?

A device that is used to magnify small objects, allowing you to see greater detail. It is basically a convex lens.

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What is a rainbow?

The phenomenon where sunlight splits into different colors when it passes through water droplets in the atmosphere, forming a colorful arc.

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What is a spherical mirror?

A curved piece of glass that can bend light, used in various optical instruments like telescopes and microscopes.

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What is a magnified image?

An image that appears larger than the actual object being viewed.

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What is a smaller image?

An image that appears smaller than the actual object being viewed.

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What is an inverted image?

A type of image that is inverted, where the object is flipped upside down.

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What is an upright image?

A type of image that is not inverted, where the object remains in its normal orientation.

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What is a focused image?

A type of image that is produced when light rays converge and focus on a specific point.

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What is convergent light?

When light rays are brought together to a common point, we say the light is converged. This happens with convex lenses and concave mirrors.

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What is divergent light?

When light rays spread apart after passing through a lens or reflecting off a mirror, we say the light is diverged. This happens with concave lenses and convex mirrors.

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Study Notes

Light

  • Light travels along straight lines.
  • Polished or shiny surfaces act as mirrors.
  • A beam of sunlight can be seen when it enters a room through a narrow opening or a hole.
  • Beams of light can be seen from headlamps, cars, engines, trains, torches, searchlights, and from an airport tower.
  • Light travels along a straight line.
  • Activities in class VI demonstrate that light travels in a straight line.

Reflection of Light

  • One way to change the direction of light is to let it fall on a shiny surface (such as a mirror).
  • Polished or shiny surfaces act as mirrors.
  • Mirrors change the direction of light (reflection).
  • Light reflected from a mirror forms an image.
  • The image formed by a plane mirror is erect and the same size as the object.
  • The image is the same distance behind the mirror as the object is in front of it.
  • The image in a mirror appears to be reversed from left to right, but not top to bottom.
  • Image formed by a plane mirror is virtual.
  • Image formed by a concave mirror can be real or virtual, depending on the object's position.
  • A torch with a chart paper with narrow slits demonstrates that light travels in straight lines.
  • Reflection of light from water can also form images.

Spherical Mirrors

  • Concave mirrors can create real images when objects are placed far enough from the mirror.
  • Concave mirrors can create virtual images when objects are closer to the mirror.
  • If the reflecting surface of a spherical mirror is concave, it is called a concave mirror.
  • If the reflecting surface is convex, then it is a convex mirror.
  • Spherical mirrors are parts of spheres.
  • Concave mirrors can concentrate sunlight to create a burning effect.
  • Convex mirrors can be used as side-view mirrors in vehicles.

Images Formed by Lenses

  • Lenses are used in spectacles and magnifying glasses.
  • Convex lenses can create magnified images, while concave lenses create smaller images.
  • Convex lenses converge light; concave lenses diverge light.
  • The image formed by a lens can be either real or virtual.
  • Using convex lenses can create real and inverted images from a distance.
  • Convex lenses can also form virtual and magnified images.
  • Concave lenses always form virtual, erect, and smaller images than the object.

Sunlight

  • Sunlight is made up of seven colours.
  • Visible colours in a rainbow are violet, indigo, blue, green, yellow, orange, and red.
  • A prism separates sunlight into its component colours.
  • Sunlight is a mixture of different colours.

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