Class 9: Quantitative Research Methods

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What is a major limitation of unstructured surveys?

The answers are difficult to quantify, compare, and analyze statistically (correct)

They are not effective in collecting large amounts of data

They are time-consuming and expensive to administer

They are prone to researcher bias

What is the primary goal of quantitative research in positivist tradition?

To develop a comprehensive theory of social behavior

To understand the internal motives and meanings of individuals

To identify patterns and relationships in external observable factors (correct)

To collect data through qualitative methods

According to Durkheim's social integration theory, what is the expected outcome when social integration decreases?

Decrease in social problems and decrease in suicide rates

Increase in social problems and increase in suicide rates (correct)

Increase in social problems and decrease in suicide rates

Decrease in social problems and increase in suicide rates

What is the indicator used by Durkheim to measure 'social problem' in his study on suicide?

Suicide rate Signup and view all the answers

What is the key finding of Durkheim's study on suicide regarding the relationship between religious denomination and suicide rates?

Protestants have higher suicide rates than Catholics, and Jews have the lowest suicide rates Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying assumption of quantitative positivist research, as exemplified in Durkheim's study on suicide?

Social phenomena can be studied through externally observable factors Signup and view all the answers

What is a common characteristic of a sample in quantitative research methods?

Representing a microcosm of the entire population Signup and view all the answers

What is the main focus of Positivism?

Quantitative methods to study social behavior Signup and view all the answers

What was the main finding of the Stanley Milgram experiment?

People are more likely to obey authority figures even if it conflicts with their morals Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the theory that suggests human behavior is situational and people will conform to roles if conditions require?

Situational Theory Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a social experiment in quantitative research methods?

To observe and analyze human behavior in controlled environments Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of the hypothetical-deductive model of theory-building?

To establish 'laws' of behaviour based on predictable and reliable theories about causal relationships. Signup and view all the answers

What type of research method is used to study social behavior and is characterized by the use of quantitative data?

Positivist research method Signup and view all the answers

According to Durkheim's study on suicide, how are social phenomena treated?

As external 'social facts' that can be studied objectively. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of quantification in quantitative positivist research?

To use observable, measurable concepts to study social phenomena. Signup and view all the answers

What is a key principle of quantitative positivist research?

To ensure that studies are replicable and falsifiable. Signup and view all the answers

Who are the editors of the book 'A Contemporary Introduction to Sociology. Culture and Society in Transition.'?

Jeffrey C. Alexander, Kenneth Thompson, Laura Desfor Edles, and Moshoula Capous-Desyllas. Signup and view all the answers

What is the name of the study conducted by Durkheim that is mentioned in the text?

A Study on Suicide. Signup and view all the answers

In a social experiment, the sample is expected to be a perfect representation of the entire population.

False Signup and view all the answers

The Stanley Milgram experiment demonstrated that people will always obey authority figures without questioning their morals.

False Signup and view all the answers

Quantitative research methods are used to study social behavior and are characterized by the use of qualitative data.

False Signup and view all the answers

In a social experiment, the goal is to create a bias in the research to influence the outcome.

False Signup and view all the answers

The primary goal of quantitative research in positivist tradition is to understand social behavior through qualitative data analysis.

False Signup and view all the answers

A sample in quantitative research methods is typically selected based on convenience rather than representation of the population.

False Signup and view all the answers

In positivist research, quantitative data analysis is used to identify causal relationships between variables.

True Signup and view all the answers

Unstructured surveys are more prone to researcher bias due to the lack of standardized questions.

True Signup and view all the answers

Durkheim's study on suicide used a random sample of countries to test his hypotheses.

False Signup and view all the answers

Quantitative research methods are typically used to study population demographics and trends.

True Signup and view all the answers

In quantitative research, pilot interviews are used to refine the research questions and hypotheses.

True Signup and view all the answers

Positivist research assumes that social phenomena can be studied objectively, without researcher influence.

True Signup and view all the answers

In a study, holding some variables constant in order to study the effects of change in one variable is an example of an experiment in a natural setting.

False Signup and view all the answers

The Hawthorne effect occurs when human subjects in an experiment change their behaviour because they are unaware of being studied.

False Signup and view all the answers

The Stanford Prison experiment is an example of a study conducted in a natural setting.

False Signup and view all the answers

In quantitative positivist research, researchers attempt to manipulate variables to observe their effects.

True Signup and view all the answers

The goal of an experiment in quantitative research is to study the effects of a single variable on a situation.

False Signup and view all the answers

Quantitative positivist research is focused on the study of individual behaviour.

False Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of using a representative sample in quantitative research methods?

To ensure that the findings are generalizable to the whole population. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of using an unstructured survey in quantitative research?

It is prone to researcher bias due to the lack of standardized questions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of quantification in quantitative positivist research?

To identify causal relationships between variables. Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of using a pilot interview in quantitative research?

To refine the research questions and hypotheses. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main characteristic of a sample in quantitative research methods?

It accurately reflects the various attributes of the population. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of using a sample in quantitative research methods?

It may not be a perfect representation of the entire population. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using unstructured surveys in research?

They allow respondents to speak for themselves and provide real opinions and attitudes. Signup and view all the answers

In Durkheim's study on suicide, what type of data analysis was used to identify patterns and relationships between variables?

Quantitative data analysis. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of quantitative research in positivist tradition?

To identify causal relationships between variables through objective observation and measurement. Signup and view all the answers

What is the significance of using large datasets in quantitative research, as demonstrated in Durkheim's study on suicide?

It allows for the identification of patterns and trends across different populations and territories. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary limitation of using structured surveys in research?

They are more the product of the researcher's mind rather than the respondent's thoughts and opinions. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern in quantitative research regarding the sample selection?

Representativeness of the population. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using an experiment in a laboratory-like setting, as described in the positivist approach?

Allowing the researcher to control the situation and hold some variables constant in order to study the effects of change in one variable. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Hawthorne effect, and how does it impact social experiment research?

The Hawthorne effect is a phenomenon where human subjects in an experiment change their behavior simply because they know they are being studied, regardless of the actual variables being tested. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of using quantitative research methods in the positivist tradition?

To study and understand social behavior through the analysis of quantitative data. Signup and view all the answers

What is the main limitation of using social experiments in quantitative research?

The artificial setting may not accurately reflect real-world situations, and the results may not be generalizable to the broader population. Signup and view all the answers

How does the Stanford Prison experiment illustrate the power of roles in a contrived situation?

The experiment showed how participants quickly adapted to their assigned roles as guards or prisoners, demonstrating the significant influence of roles on behavior. Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary concern regarding researcher bias in quantitative research methods?

That the researcher's influence may impact the results, leading to inaccurate or incomplete findings. Signup and view all the answers

What type of research method does Jerry Jacobs's study on 'The Use of Religion in Constructing the Moral Justification of Suicide' exemplify?

Qualitative research Signup and view all the answers

What is the main goal of participant observation in field research?

To gain a deeper understanding of the research context through immersion Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of Ned Polsky's study of poolroom hustlers?

It involves direct observation and informal talks Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of William F. Whyte's study 'Street Corner Society'?

To understand the behavior of Italian American street gangs Signup and view all the answers

What is the main advantage of using qualitative research methods?

They allow for the collection of in-depth, contextual data Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of Jerry Jacobs's study on suicide and religion?

To understand the moral justification of suicide Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of qualitative positivist research, as implied in Jacobs’s study on religion and suicide?

To find out why certain actions are being performed Signup and view all the answers

What is the key characteristic of a qualitative positivist approach, as seen in Durkheim's study on suicide?

It focuses on understanding the underlying mechanisms of human behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of typification in qualitative positivist research, as seen in Jacobs’s study on religion and suicide?

To reconstruct typical processes of reasoning Signup and view all the answers

What is the underlying assumption of qualitative positivist research, as seen in Durkheim's study on suicide?

Human behavior is influenced by social norms and values Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using in-depth interviews in qualitative positivist research?

They provide a more nuanced understanding of human behavior Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of qualitative research methods in understanding human behavior?

They provide an in-depth understanding of individual experiences and meanings Signup and view all the answers

What is a key assumption of positivist research, as described in the text?

Truth claims are based on empirical observation and value neutrality Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary goal of using qualitative research methods in understanding social phenomena?

To understand individual experiences and cultural meanings Signup and view all the answers

What is a characteristic of positivist research, as described in the text?

The researcher claims an 'outsider position' to the studied reality Signup and view all the answers

What is a key difference between quantitative and qualitative research methods?

Quantitative research uses large datasets, while qualitative research uses in-depth interviews Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary advantage of using semi-structured interviews in research?

They provide a flexible framework for exploring respondent experiences Signup and view all the answers

Class 9: Quantitative Research Methods

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Questions and Answers

What is a major limitation of unstructured surveys?

What is the primary goal of quantitative research in positivist tradition?

According to Durkheim's social integration theory, what is the expected outcome when social integration decreases?

What is the indicator used by Durkheim to measure 'social problem' in his study on suicide?

What is the key finding of Durkheim's study on suicide regarding the relationship between religious denomination and suicide rates?

What is the underlying assumption of quantitative positivist research, as exemplified in Durkheim's study on suicide?

What is a common characteristic of a sample in quantitative research methods?

What is the main focus of Positivism?

What was the main finding of the Stanley Milgram experiment?

What is the name of the theory that suggests human behavior is situational and people will conform to roles if conditions require?

What is the purpose of a social experiment in quantitative research methods?

What is the primary goal of the hypothetical-deductive model of theory-building?

What type of research method is used to study social behavior and is characterized by the use of quantitative data?

According to Durkheim's study on suicide, how are social phenomena treated?

What is the primary purpose of quantification in quantitative positivist research?

What is a key principle of quantitative positivist research?

Who are the editors of the book 'A Contemporary Introduction to Sociology. Culture and Society in Transition.'?

What is the name of the study conducted by Durkheim that is mentioned in the text?

In a social experiment, the sample is expected to be a perfect representation of the entire population.

The Stanley Milgram experiment demonstrated that people will always obey authority figures without questioning their morals.

Quantitative research methods are used to study social behavior and are characterized by the use of qualitative data.

In a social experiment, the goal is to create a bias in the research to influence the outcome.

The primary goal of quantitative research in positivist tradition is to understand social behavior through qualitative data analysis.

A sample in quantitative research methods is typically selected based on convenience rather than representation of the population.

In positivist research, quantitative data analysis is used to identify causal relationships between variables.

Unstructured surveys are more prone to researcher bias due to the lack of standardized questions.

Durkheim's study on suicide used a random sample of countries to test his hypotheses.

Quantitative research methods are typically used to study population demographics and trends.

In quantitative research, pilot interviews are used to refine the research questions and hypotheses.

Positivist research assumes that social phenomena can be studied objectively, without researcher influence.

In a study, holding some variables constant in order to study the effects of change in one variable is an example of an experiment in a natural setting.

The Hawthorne effect occurs when human subjects in an experiment change their behaviour because they are unaware of being studied.

The Stanford Prison experiment is an example of a study conducted in a natural setting.

In quantitative positivist research, researchers attempt to manipulate variables to observe their effects.

The goal of an experiment in quantitative research is to study the effects of a single variable on a situation.

Quantitative positivist research is focused on the study of individual behaviour.

What is the primary purpose of using a representative sample in quantitative research methods?

What is the main limitation of using an unstructured survey in quantitative research?

What is the primary goal of quantification in quantitative positivist research?

What is the purpose of using a pilot interview in quantitative research?

What is the main characteristic of a sample in quantitative research methods?

What is the main limitation of using a sample in quantitative research methods?

What is the primary advantage of using unstructured surveys in research?

In Durkheim's study on suicide, what type of data analysis was used to identify patterns and relationships between variables?

What is the primary goal of quantitative research in positivist tradition?

What is the significance of using large datasets in quantitative research, as demonstrated in Durkheim's study on suicide?

What is the primary limitation of using structured surveys in research?

What is the primary concern in quantitative research regarding the sample selection?

What is the main advantage of using an experiment in a laboratory-like setting, as described in the positivist approach?

What is the Hawthorne effect, and how does it impact social experiment research?

What is the primary goal of using quantitative research methods in the positivist tradition?

What is the main limitation of using social experiments in quantitative research?

How does the Stanford Prison experiment illustrate the power of roles in a contrived situation?

What is the primary concern regarding researcher bias in quantitative research methods?

What type of research method does Jerry Jacobs's study on 'The Use of Religion in Constructing the Moral Justification of Suicide' exemplify?

What is the main goal of participant observation in field research?

What is the key characteristic of Ned Polsky's study of poolroom hustlers?

What is the purpose of William F. Whyte's study 'Street Corner Society'?

What is the main advantage of using qualitative research methods?

What is the primary goal of Jerry Jacobs's study on suicide and religion?

What is the primary goal of qualitative positivist research, as implied in Jacobs’s study on religion and suicide?

What is the key characteristic of a qualitative positivist approach, as seen in Durkheim's study on suicide?

What is the role of typification in qualitative positivist research, as seen in Jacobs’s study on religion and suicide?

What is the underlying assumption of qualitative positivist research, as seen in Durkheim's study on suicide?

What is the primary advantage of using in-depth interviews in qualitative positivist research?

What is the primary advantage of qualitative research methods in understanding human behavior?

What is a key assumption of positivist research, as described in the text?

What is the primary goal of using qualitative research methods in understanding social phenomena?

What is a characteristic of positivist research, as described in the text?

What is a key difference between quantitative and qualitative research methods?

What is the primary advantage of using semi-structured interviews in research?

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