Class 8 History Chapter 11: The Making of the National Movement
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Questions and Answers

What age was Gandhiji when he returned to India after leading non-violent marches in South Africa?

  • 56 years old
  • 36 years old
  • 46 years old (correct)
  • 66 years old
  • When was the Indian National Congress established?

  • December 1895
  • December 1880
  • December 1890
  • December 1885 (correct)
  • Who were some early important leaders of the Indian National Congress?

  • Bal Gangadhar Tilak, Annie Besant, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, Bipin Chandra Pal
  • Mahatma Gandhi, Jawaharlal Nehru, Sardar Patel, Indira Gandhi
  • Subhas Chandra Bose, Bhagat Singh, Rabindranath Tagore, Lala Lajpat Rai
  • Dadabhai Naoroji, Ferozshah Mehta, Romesh Chandra Dutt, S.Subramania Iyer (correct)
  • What was the Swadeshi Movement a response to?

    <p>Partition of Bengal in 1905</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who questioned the political methods and approach of the moderates in the Indian National Congress since the 1890s?

    <p>Radicals</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Swadeshi Movement encourage?

    <p>Ideas of self-help, national education, swadeshi enterprise, and use of Indian languages</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Why did the All India Muslim League support the partition of Bengal?

    <p>To have separate electorates for Muslims</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What led to the split in the Indian National Congress in 1907?

    <p>Moderates' opposition to the Radicals' use of boycott</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main demand of the moderates in the Indian National Congress?

    <p>Greater voice for Indians at higher positions in government</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What historic agreement was signed in 1916 between the Congress and the All India Muslim League?

    <p>Lucknow Pact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What caused Gandhiji to abruptly call off the Non-Cooperation Movement?

    <p>Chauri Chaura incident</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What did the Rowlatt Act enable the Britishers to do in India?

    <p>Imprison people without trial</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    Gandhiji's Return to India

    • Gandhiji returned to India after leading non-violent marches in South Africa, at the age of 46.

    Indian National Congress

    • Established in 1885.
    • Early important leaders: Dadabhai Naoroji, Gopal Krishna Gokhale, and Feroze Shah Mehta.

    Swadeshi Movement

    • A response to the partition of Bengal by Lord Curzon in 1905.
    • Encouraged the use of Indian-made goods and boycott of British goods.

    Challenges to the Moderates

    • Leaders like Bipin Chandra Pal, Lala Lajpat Rai, and Bal Gangadhar Tilak questioned the political methods and approach of the moderates in the Indian National Congress since the 1890s.

    All India Muslim League

    • Supported the partition of Bengal in 1905, hoping to gain a separate province with a Muslim majority.

    Split in the Indian National Congress

    • Occurred in 1907, at the Surat Session, due to disagreements between the moderates and the extremists.

    Demands of the Moderates

    • Main demand: greater representation in the government and eventual self-governance.

    Lucknow Pact

    • Historic agreement signed in 1916 between the Congress and the All India Muslim League.
    • Aimed to present a united front against the British government.

    Non-Cooperation Movement

    • Gandhiji abruptly called off the movement in 1922, following the Chauri Chaura incident, where protesters attacked and burned a police station.

    Rowlatt Act

    • Enacted in 1919, enabling the Britishers to arrest and imprison Indians without trial, and censor the press.

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