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Questions and Answers
What is the primary function of the cell membrane in a biological cell?
What is the primary function of the cell membrane in a biological cell?
- To store genetic information
- To control the movement of substances in and out of the cell (correct)
- To generate energy for the cell
- To facilitate protein synthesis
Which process is responsible for the production of ATP in cellular respiration?
Which process is responsible for the production of ATP in cellular respiration?
- Lactic acid cycle
- Electron transport chain (correct)
- Glycolysis
- Fermentation
How do enzymes affect chemical reactions in biological systems?
How do enzymes affect chemical reactions in biological systems?
- They increase the activation energy required
- They serve as reactants in the reactions
- They lower the activation energy, increasing the reaction rate (correct)
- They slow down the reaction rate
Which statement describes homologous chromosomes?
Which statement describes homologous chromosomes?
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What role do ribosomes play in the cell?
What role do ribosomes play in the cell?
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Study Notes
Cell Membrane Function
- Serves as a protective barrier, maintaining the integrity of the cell's internal environment.
- Regulates the movement of substances in and out of the cell through selective permeability.
- Facilitates communication and signaling with other cells through receptor proteins.
Cellular Respiration and ATP Production
- ATP production primarily occurs through cellular respiration processes: glycolysis, the Krebs cycle, and oxidative phosphorylation.
- Oxygen plays a crucial role in aerobic respiration, enhancing ATP yield compared to anaerobic processes.
Enzyme Function in Reactions
- Enzymes are biological catalysts that speed up chemical reactions by lowering activation energy.
- They increase reaction rates without being consumed or permanently altered in the process.
- Enzyme activity can be affected by temperature, pH, and substrate concentration.
Homologous Chromosomes
- Homologous chromosomes are pairs of chromosomes, one inherited from each parent, containing the same genes but possibly different alleles.
- They maintain the same structural features and gene order, playing a key role in genetic diversity during meiosis.
Role of Ribosomes
- Ribosomes are essential for protein synthesis, translating messenger RNA (mRNA) into polypeptide chains.
- They can be found free-floating in the cytoplasm or attached to the endoplasmic reticulum, contributing to rough ER function.
- Their presence is vital for cellular function and growth, enabling the production of necessary proteins.
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