Clarithromycin vs Erythromycin: Key Differences
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Questions and Answers

What is the mechanism of action of Chloramphenicol?

  • Interferes with cell wall synthesis
  • Binds to the 30S ribosomal subunit
  • Inhibits DNA synthesis in bacteria
  • Inhibits protein synthesis in bacteria by binding to the 50S ribosomal subunit (correct)
  • Which antibiotic is most potent against anaerobes?

  • Chloramphenicol
  • Erythromycin
  • Clindamycin (correct)
  • Lincomycin
  • What is the main adverse effect associated with Clindamycin use?

  • Hypersensitivity reactions
  • Neutropenia (correct)
  • Rashes
  • Impaired liver function
  • Which antibiotic is known for causing antibiotic-associated colitis?

    <p>Clindamycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of quinolones?

    <p>Interfere with DNA gyrase and Topoisomerase IV enzymes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic has bactericidal activity dependent on concentration and is useful against gram-positive infections?

    <p>Lincomycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is known for having increased stability and oral bioavailability compared to Erythromycin?

    <p>Clarithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is effective against Borrelia burgdorferi and has a unique dosing regimen of once daily for 3 days?

    <p>Azithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is a reversible inhibitor of the CYP3A4 enzyme and effective against macrolide-resistant Gram-positive bacteria?

    <p>Telithromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is associated with the side effects of nausea, vomiting, unpleasant taste, and gray baby syndrome?

    <p>Chloramphenicol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic is derived from Streptomyces venezuelae, inhibits CYP450 enzymes, and may cause blood dyscrasias?

    <p>Chloramphenicol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic has a spectrum of activity that includes bactericidal effects against H.influenzae and M.meningitides?

    <p>Chloramphenicol</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mechanism of action of aminoglycosides like kanamycin and gentamicin?

    <p>Binds to 30s ribosomal subunit and interferes with initiation of protein synthesis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which aminoglycoside is a derivative of Kanamycin produced in Japan with the broadest spectrum of activity/toxicity?

    <p>Amikacin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the most common adverse drug reaction associated with aminoglycosides like Kanamycin and Gentamicin?

    <p>Nephrotoxicity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is a common untoward effect associated with tetracyclines like Doxycycline?

    <p>Photosensitivity</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the mode of action of erythromycin on bacterial cells?

    <p>Binding to the 50s ribosomal subunit</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic family contains agents known as 'Thromycins'?

    <p>Macrolides</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is the spectrum of activity for macrolides like Erythromycin?

    <p>Active against Gram-positive bacteria, Neisseria &amp; Treponema</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What is one common adverse drug reaction associated with the use of chloramphenicol?

    <p>Bone marrow suppression</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following antibiotics is known for causing GI distress, hepatotoxicity, acute cholestatic hepatitis, fever, eosinophilia, and rashes?

    <p>Erythromycin</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which antibiotic family includes agents that inhibit bacterial protein synthesis by binding to the 30s ribosomal subunit and blocking tRNA binding to the A site?

    <p>Tetracyclines</p> Signup and view all the answers

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