Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which action was NOT a focus of the NAACP in the 1920s?
Which action was NOT a focus of the NAACP in the 1920s?
- Fostering racial pride and cultural self-expression.
- Advocating for complete military desegregation. (correct)
- Promoting economic independence within Black communities.
- Lobbying against discriminatory policies based on race.
What was the primary purpose of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938?
What was the primary purpose of the Fair Labor Standards Act of 1938?
- To eliminate segregation in public facilities.
- To end employment discrimination based on race, color, and religion.
- To guarantee equal treatment for military members regardless of race.
- To establish nationwide child labor, minimum wage and overtime pay standards. (correct)
What was the effect of Executive Order 9981?
What was the effect of Executive Order 9981?
- It desegregated the transportation system.
- It abolished segregation in all public places.
- It mandated equal treatment and integrated the U.S. military. (correct)
- It established the 'separate but equal' doctrine in public education.
What was the key ruling in the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court case?
What was the key ruling in the Brown v. Board of Education Supreme Court case?
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 did NOT address which of the following?
The Civil Rights Act of 1964 did NOT address which of the following?
Which group initially brought the Brown v. Board of Education case to the Supreme Court?
Which group initially brought the Brown v. Board of Education case to the Supreme Court?
What was an effect of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. referring to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as the 'Second Emancipation'?
What was an effect of Dr. Martin Luther King Jr. referring to the Civil Rights Act of 1964 as the 'Second Emancipation'?
Which of the following did NOT face opposition in the US Senate?
Which of the following did NOT face opposition in the US Senate?
Which act gave climate activists the power to hold the government accountable for environmental actions?
Which act gave climate activists the power to hold the government accountable for environmental actions?
Which act, passed in 1990, aimed to prohibit discrimination against people with disabilities in all public life?
Which act, passed in 1990, aimed to prohibit discrimination against people with disabilities in all public life?
Which act addressed pay discrimination by overturning a Supreme Court ruling and allowing people to file charges retroactively?
Which act addressed pay discrimination by overturning a Supreme Court ruling and allowing people to file charges retroactively?
The Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988 strengthened the Fair Housing Act by:
The Fair Housing Amendments Act of 1988 strengthened the Fair Housing Act by:
Which of the following was NOT a key takeaway from the content?
Which of the following was NOT a key takeaway from the content?
Which act, passed in 1970, is credited with the creation of Earth Day?
Which act, passed in 1970, is credited with the creation of Earth Day?
What was the primary purpose of the Justice in Policing Act introduced in 2020?
What was the primary purpose of the Justice in Policing Act introduced in 2020?
Which act was passed in 2009 and aimed to improve record-keeping to ensure fair pay practices?
Which act was passed in 2009 and aimed to improve record-keeping to ensure fair pay practices?
Flashcards
What is NEPA?
What is NEPA?
The National Environmental Policy Act, passed in 1970, requires federal agencies to publicly disclose the environmental impacts of their actions. It empowers activists to challenge harmful projects and hold government accountable.
What did the Fair Housing Amendments Act do?
What did the Fair Housing Amendments Act do?
The Fair Housing Amendments Act, added to the 1968 Fair Housing Act in 1988, strengthened the law against housing discrimination by providing redress for those unfairly denied housing.
Why was the ADA passed?
Why was the ADA passed?
The Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA), passed in 1990, prohibits discrimination against individuals with disabilities in all areas of public life, ensuring equal opportunity and rights.
What did the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act achieve?
What did the Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act achieve?
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What was the outcome of Obergefell vs. Hodges?
What was the outcome of Obergefell vs. Hodges?
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What is the NAACP?
What is the NAACP?
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What is the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)?
What is the Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)?
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What is Executive Order 9981?
What is Executive Order 9981?
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What is Brown vs. Board of Education?
What is Brown vs. Board of Education?
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What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
What is the Civil Rights Act of 1964?
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Study Notes
NAACP
- Founded in 1909
- Championed the New Negro Movement in the 1920s, promoting racial pride, cultural self-expression, economic independence, and progressive politics in Black communities
- Became the largest civil rights association by the 1920s
- Lobbied against discriminatory policies based on race and fought against hate
- Rallied for the boycott of the 1915 film "Birth of a Nation"
- Had over 325 branches nationwide by the end of the 1920s and continues to be influential today
Fair Labor Standards Act (FLSA)
- Passed in 1938 as part of FDR's New Deal
- Set nationwide regulations for child labor, minimum wage, overtime pay, and other worker protections
- Remains in place to protect workers today
Executive Order 9981
- Issued in 1948 by President Truman
- Ordered equal treatment and opportunity for military members, regardless of race, color, religion, or national origin
- Integrated the previously segregated military
- Despite opposition from Southern senators, Truman pushed the bill through
- By the end of the Korean War, the entire military had been nearly completely integrated
Brown vs. Board of Education
- Supreme Court case landmark case decided in 1954
- A class-action case brought by NAACP lawyers
- Ruled that racial segregation of children in public schools was unconstitutional.
- Declared that "separate but equal" education services were, in fact, not equal
- This win for civil rights sparked conflict in many Southern states that would lead to a massive movement to achieve civil rights and equality.
Civil Rights Act of 1964
- Passed in 1964
- Known as "Second Emancipation" by Dr. Martin Luther King Jr.
- Ended segregation in all public places
- Ended employment discrimination based on race, color, religion, sex, or national origin
- Originally proposed by President John F. Kennedy and signed into law by President Lyndon B. Johnson
- Opposed in the Senate by Southern senators who held the longest filibuster in history.
- Permanently changed the United States
National Environmental Policy Act (NEPA)
- Passed in 1970
- Requires federal agencies to make impact statements about their actions publicly available to assess environmental effects
- Gave climate activists the power to hold the government accountable, delay harmful projects, or sue companies that don't comply with the law
- Led to the creation of Earth Day
Fair Housing Amendments Act
- Added to the Fair Housing Act of 1968 in 1988
- The Fair Housing Act outlawed discrimination in the sale or rental of housing
- The amendments strengthened the law by providing a way for those who feel they have been unfairly discriminated against to have their claims properly heard and investigated.
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA)
- Passed in 1990
- Prohibits discrimination against people with disabilities in all public life
- Ensures equal rights and opportunities
- Mandates buildings and business facilities to meet accessibility standards
- The result of grassroots advocacy groups who challenged social norms throughout the 80s
Lilly Ledbetter Fair Pay Act
- Signed into law by President Obama in 2009
- Overturned a Supreme court ruling that restricted the time to file pay discrimination complaints
- Required employers to improve record keeping to ensure fair pay practices
- Allowed people to file charges of alleged pay discrimination at any time, meaning victims could retroactively file claims for past offenses
Obergefell vs. Hodges
- Landmark Supreme Court case in 2015
- Declared state-level bans on same-sex marriage unconstitutional, making same-sex marriage legal at the federal level
- Marriage equality went federal
- Based on the 14th Amendment which guarantees equal protection of the laws
- Same-sex couples were no longer denied federal benefits such as joint tax filing, spousal immigration sponsorship, or spousal Social Security benefits.
###Â Justice in Policing Act
- Introduced by congressional Democrats in June 2020
- Followed the swell in support of the Black Lives Matter Movement sparked by protests and response to the murder of George Floyd
- Addresses a range of policies surrounding policing practices and law enforcement accountability
- Proposes the creation of a National Police Misconduct Registry
- Passed in the House but has not yet been taken up by the Senate
Key Takeaways
- Continuous Progress: The Civil Rights Movement wasn't a single event, but rather a decades-long process of incremental change
- Focus on Grassroots Activism: Many of these pivotal moments were sparked by the energy and commitment of grassroots organizations and movements
- The Struggle Continues: While significant progress has been made, the fight for equal rights and justice continues to be a pressing issue
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