Civil Rights and Education Laws Flashcards

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Questions and Answers

What does Title IX of the Education Act of 1972 prohibit?

Discrimination based on race

Discrimination based on age

Discrimination based on sex

All of the above (correct)

What is prohibited by Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964?

Discrimination based on race

Discrimination based on religion

Discrimination based on sex

All of the above (correct)

What is academic freedom?

The freedom of teachers to teach about an issue or to use a source in teaching without fear of penalty, reprisal, or harassment.

What is misfeasance?

The performance of a lawful act in an illegal or improper manner. Signup and view all the answers

What is nonfeasance?

When an individual fails to perform a legal duty. Signup and view all the answers

What is malfeasance?

An act that can't be done lawfully regardless of how it is performed. Signup and view all the answers

What was the outcome of Pickering v. Board of Education?

The Supreme Court ruled that a public school teacher has a First Amendment right to criticize the school board. Signup and view all the answers

What does copyright law protect?

It makes it illegal to copy and distribute protected works without permission. Signup and view all the answers

What is the Buckley Amendment?

A federal law describing access to a student's educational records. Signup and view all the answers

What did Goss v. Lopez (1975) establish?

Students are entitled to certain due process rights. Signup and view all the answers

What is due process?

Following established legal procedures. Signup and view all the answers

What does the Fourteenth Amendment ensure?

It made all persons born or naturalized in the United States citizens. Signup and view all the answers

What is a zero-tolerance policy?

A policy that makes no exceptions for anybody for any reason. Signup and view all the answers

What is corporal punishment in schools?

The use of physical force as a disciplinary measure. Signup and view all the answers

What was the significance of Tinker v. Des Moines?

Students do not lose Constitutional rights when they enter school. Signup and view all the answers

What did Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier determine?

The First Amendment does not protect all types of student speech in school. Signup and view all the answers

What is sexual harassment?

The abuse of one's position of authority to force unwanted sexual demands. Signup and view all the answers

What does Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools allow?

Students subjected to sexual harassment may sue for monetary damages under Title IX. Signup and view all the answers

What was the ruling in Engel v. Vitale?

State officials violated the First Amendment by writing a prayer for students. Signup and view all the answers

What did Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier involve?

A school newspaper that required teacher approval. Signup and view all the answers

What is child abuse?

Physical, emotional, or sexual mistreatment of a child. Signup and view all the answers

What is values clarification?

The process by which people come to understand their own values. Signup and view all the answers

What are character education programs?

Programs that teach students about positive character traits. Signup and view all the answers

Who is Lawrence Kohlberg?

Famous for his theory of moral development in children. Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Title IX of Education Act of 1972

Comprehensive federal law prohibiting discrimination based on race, age, or sex in educational settings.

Title VII of the Civil Rights Act of 1964

Prohibits discrimination in employment regarding race, color, religion, national origin, or sex by employers, employment agencies, and unions.

Academic Freedom

Grants teachers the liberty to discuss issues and utilize teaching sources without fear of repercussions, ensuring open dialogue and inquiry.

Misfeasance

Involves performing a lawful act in an improper or illegal manner, potentially leading to liability.

Nonfeasance

Refers to the failure of an individual to perform a legally required duty, which can have serious implications.

Malfeasance

A wrongful act that cannot be legally performed, regardless of intent or manner.

Pickering v. Board of Education

Supreme Court case asserting a public school teacher's First Amendment right to criticize the school board through writing, protecting free speech in education.

Copyright Law

Legally prohibits the copying and distribution of works protected by copyright without securing permission from the author or their representative.

Buckley Amendment (FERPA)

Defines access to a student's educational records, providing privacy rights under federal law.

Goss v. Lopez (1975)

Affirmed that students possess certain due process rights within the educational context to ensure fair treatment.

Due Process

Ensures that established legal procedures are followed, protecting individuals' rights in legal settings.

Fourteenth Amendment

Grants citizenship to "all persons born or naturalized in the United States," reinforcing civil rights protections.

Zero-Tolerance Policy

A strict policy with no exceptions made for rule violations, often applied in schools for specific behaviors.

Corporal Punishment in Schools

Involves physical discipline applied by teachers to control student behavior, contentious in educational practice.

Tinker v. Des Moines

Supreme Court ruling stating students retain their Constitutional rights at school as long as they do not disrupt the educational process.

Hazelwood v. Kuhlmeier

Supreme Court decision limiting First Amendment protections for student speech within school-sponsored activities like newspapers.

Sexual Harassment

Involves leveraging authority to impose unwanted sexual demands, creating a hostile environment.

Franklin v. Gwinnett County Public Schools

Established that students facing sexual harassment in public schools can seek monetary damages under Title IX.

Engel v. Vitale

Landmark Supreme Court ruling declaring that state-sponsored prayer in schools violates the First Amendment's Establishment Clause.

Hazelwood School District v. Kuhlmeier

Highlights the requirement for teacher oversight over student publications, addressing First Amendment rights in educational settings.

Child Abuse

Encompasses physical, emotional, or sexual mistreatment of children, raising serious legal and ethical concerns.

Values Clarification

A process through which individuals explore and comprehend their personal values and beliefs systems.

Character Education Programs

Educational programs aimed at imparting positive character traits and practical applications in students' lives.

Lawrence Kohlberg

Renowned for his theory of moral development in children, emphasizing the stages of ethical reasoning and morality.

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Description

This quiz features key definitions and concepts related to significant legislation in civil rights and education. Explore terms like Title IX of the Education Act and Title VII of the Civil Rights Act. Perfect for students looking to understand the impact of these laws.