Civil Engineering Surveying Terms

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Questions and Answers

What is the purpose of aeronautical charts?

  • To aid in road travel
  • To aid in air travel (correct)
  • To aid in maritime navigation
  • To aid in railway navigation

How is 'angle of repose' defined?

  • The slope of cut and fill from the road expressed in feet of horizontal run to feet of vertical rise (correct)
  • The angle at which soil becomes unstable and collapses
  • The angle of descent for aircraft during landing
  • The slope of a hill expressed in degrees

What is the purpose of a base station in land surveying?

  • To calculate GPS positions at unknown locations
  • To collect data for differentially correcting rover files (correct)
  • To establish the rectangular system of land description
  • To serve as a reference for compass directions

What is the purpose of a bench mark in surveys?

<p>A reference or datum point from which surveys can begin (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of 'back sight' in surveying?

<p>The rod or target location from which a measurement is made that is located in the opposite direction of the survey (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a borrow pit refer to?

<p>An area from which quantities of earth are excavated to construct embankments and fills (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does CADD stand for?

<p>Computer-aided design and drafting (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does COGO refer to in the context of Civil Technology Course?

<p>A method of creating drawings with CAD that uses coordinates, angles, and survey data (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a closed traverse survey?

<p>To have lines close on the point of beginning or another control point, often used for land surveys (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a control point survey determine?

<p>The elevation of important points in a plot of land (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a convex slope?

<p>A slope that develops a steeper gradient as it progresses (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a cut and fill in road construction?

<p>Describes the quantities of earth removed from sides and filled into low spots (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a cross section in civil engineering?

<p>To show the shape or relief of the ground through a profile or section cut (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a deflection angle in surveying?

<p>An angle that veers to the right or left of a straight line, such as a centerline of a highway (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

'Delta angle' refers to what in highway curve terminology?

<p>The central or included angle of a highway curve (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the main function of cartography?

<p>The art of making maps and charts (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of COGO (Coordinate Geometry) in CAD drawings?

<p>To create drawings using points or coordinates, angles, and survey lengths (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the purpose of a closed traverse survey?

<p>To perform land surveys where the lines close on the point of beginning or another control point (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does civil engineering primarily focus on?

<p>Planning bridges, roads, dams, canals, pipelines, and various municipal projects (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does a concave slope refer to?

<p>A slope that flattens toward the bottom (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the definition of a chord in civil technology?

<p>A straight line connecting the end points of an arc (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary purpose of civil drafting in civil engineering projects?

<p>To create drawings for civil engineering projects (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Aeronautical Charts

Aeronautical charts provide essential information for pilots, including terrain features, obstacles, and navigation aids, ensuring safe and efficient flight.

Angle of Repose

The maximum angle at which a loose material can stand without sliding down a slope. It depends on the friction between the particles.

Base Station

A fixed, identifiable point on the ground used as a reference for surveying measurements. It serves as a starting point for triangulation and positioning.

Bench Mark

A marked point on the ground with a known reference elevation, used for determining heights and levels in surveying.

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Back Sight

In surveying, a sight taken on a previously established reference point, either a landmark or a bench mark, to establish elevations.

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Borrow Pit

An area from which soil or materials are extracted for construction projects. It's the source of the borrowed material.

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CADD

Computer-Aided Design and Drafting

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COGO

Coordinate Geometry, which involves using mathematical coordinates to define and manipulate shapes within a design.

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Closed Traverse Survey

A survey where the survey party starts and finishes at the same point, allowing for error checks and adjustments.

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Control Point Survey

A survey that accurately determines the coordinates of specific points, enabling accurate mapping and positioning.

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Convex Slope

A slope that curves outward away from the horizontal, like the outside of a bowl.

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Cut and Fill

In road construction, the process of excavating (cutting) and filling material to create a leveled road surface.

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Cross Section

A drawing or representation of a structure or feature, showing its internal composition and relationships, viewed from a cut section.

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Deflection Angle

The angle between two consecutive survey lines, measured for accurate positioning during surveying.

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Delta Angle

The angle formed by two consecutive tangents in highway curve terminology. It's used to calculate curve properties.

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Cartography

The discipline of creating and studying maps. It's about representing spatial information in a meaningful and useful way.

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Civil Engineering

The design, construction, and maintenance of physical infrastructure, including roads, bridges, and buildings.

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Concave Slope

A slope that curves inward towards the horizontal, like the inside of a bowl.

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Chord

A straight line segment that connects two points on an arc or curve. It simplifies calculations.

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Study Notes

Aeronautical Charts and Surveying

  • Aeronautical charts provide vital information for safe and efficient flying, including topography, obstacles, and navigation aids.

Angle of Repose

  • Angle of repose is the maximum angle at which a sloping surface formed of a particular loose, unconsolidated material will stand without sliding or collapsing.

Land Surveying

  • A base station is a fixed, identifiable point in land surveying, used as a reference for triangulation and positioning.
  • A bench mark is a fixed, identifiable point with a known elevation, used as a reference for leveling and height determination.

Surveying Terminology

  • Back sight refers to a sight taken on a previously established reference mark or bench mark in surveying.

Construction and Excavation

  • A borrow pit refers to an area from which soil or other materials are taken for construction or excavation purposes.

CAD and COGO

  • CADD stands for Computer-Aided Design and Drafting.
  • COGO stands for Coordinate Geometry, referring to the use of mathematical coordinates to define and manipulate geometric shapes in CAD drawings.

Surveying and Traverses

  • A closed traverse survey is a type of survey where the survey party returns to the starting point, allowing for error checking and correction.
  • A control point survey determines the precise coordinates of a series of points, allowing for accurate mapping and positioning.

Slope and Angle

  • A convex slope is a slope that curves outward, away from the horizontal.

Road Construction and Civil Engineering

  • Cut and fill in road construction refers to the process of excavating and filling to create a level road surface.
  • A cross section in civil engineering is a drawing or representation of a structure or feature, showing its internal composition and relationships.
  • A deflection angle in surveying is the angle between two consecutive survey lines.

Highway Curves and Cartography

  • A 'delta angle' refers to the angle formed by two consecutive tangents in highway curve terminology.
  • The main function of cartography is to create and study maps, representing spatial data in a meaningful and useful way.

Civil Engineering Focus

  • Civil engineering primarily focuses on the design, construction, and maintenance of physical infrastructure, such as roads, bridges, and buildings.

Slope and Chord

  • A concave slope is a slope that curves inward, towards the horizontal.
  • A chord is a straight line segment within an arc or curve, used in civil technology to simplify complex shapes.

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