Civil Disobedience Movement 1930-1934
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Questions and Answers

What was a major reason for the lack of expectations from the Second Round Table Conference?

  • A new coalition government formed dominated by Conservatives. (correct)
  • The Congress had already achieved dominion status.
  • There was unanimous agreement among all parties present.
  • Gandhi had previously withdrawn from political activities.

    • Who represented the Indian National Congress at the Second Round Table Conference?

  • Mahatma Gandhi (correct)
  • G.D. Birla
  • Muhammed Iqbal
  • Madan Mohan Malaviya

    • Which group challenged Gandhi's claim that Congress represented all of India?

  • The Muslim League (correct)
  • The Indian National Congress itself
  • The All India Kisan Sabha
  • The Labour Party

    • What significant demand was made during the discussions at the Second Round Table Conference?

    <p>Separate electorates for various groups.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Gandhi's stance on separate electorates for the Depressed Classes?

    <p>He opposed the idea.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which group was represented for the first time at the Second Round Table Conference by a notable female figure?

    <p>Indian Women</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason for Mahatma Gandhi's letter to Viceroy Irwin on 31st January 1930?

    <p>To negotiate eleven specific demands</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following recommendations was made at the end of the Second Round Table Conference?

    <p>Composition of the Indian federation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following leaders was associated with the Salt March in Tanjore coast?

    <p>C.Rajagopalachari</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the major actions sanctioned by the Congress Working Committee (CWC) after Gandhi's arrest?

    <p>Non-payment of land revenue in Ryotwari areas</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who was the Indian leader that argued against Gandhi's claim about representation for the lowest castes?

    <p>B.R. Ambedkar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the participation of Muslims in the Civil Disobedience Movement compare to the Non-Cooperation Movement?

    <p>It remained low</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant consequence of the government's response to the Civil Disobedience Movement?

    <p>The imprisonment of over 90,000 Satyagrahis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which region saw a significant peasant mobilization during the Civil Disobedience Movement?

    <p>Malabar</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What were women’s contributions to the Civil Disobedience Movement characterized by?

    <p>Large-scale involvement</p> Signup and view all the answers

    When did Gandhi officially suspend the Civil Disobedience Movement?

    <p>May 1933</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary reason Gandhi chose salt as the symbol of protest during the Salt March?

    <p>It was a vital item of food subject to heavy taxation.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which event initiated the civil disobedience movement led by Gandhi?

    <p>The Salt March starting on March 12, 1930.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the main objective of the Salt Act enacted by the British government in 1882?

    <p>To impose a government monopoly on salt production and sales.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following best describes the journey of the Salt March?

    <p>It covered a distance of approximately 240 miles.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Who were some prominent figures that joined Gandhi during the Dandi March?

    <p>Sarojini Naidu and Dr. Sumant.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one consequence of the salt tax imposed by the British government?

    <p>The government destroyed untaxed salt produced by locals.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the initial response of Irwin towards Gandhi’s request for negotiations?

    <p>He showed no willingness to negotiate.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    On which date did Gandhi and his followers break the Salt Act by producing salt from seawater?

    <p>April 6, 1930.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary outcome of the Gandhi-Irwin Pact signed on 5 March 1931?

    <p>The Congress agreed to end the Civil Disobedience Movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    During the Karachi Session of Congress in 1931, who was elected as the President?

    <p>Sardar Patel</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which conference did the Indian National Congress participate in?

    <p>Second Round Table Conference</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was Gandhi's main argument against the Communal Award introduced by Ramsay MacDonald?

    <p>It perpetuated oppression of Depressed Classes.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What action did Gandhi take to oppose the Communal Award?

    <p>He fasted unto death.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What agreement was reached on September 24, 1932, involving Gandhi and Ambedkar?

    <p>The Poona Pact</p> Signup and view all the answers

    In which year did the first Round Table Conference take place?

    <p>1930</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant topics were addressed at the Karachi Session of Congress?

    <p>Fundamental Rights and National Economic Programme.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the reasons Gandhi officially suspended the civil disobedience movement in May 1933?

    <p>Widespread violence and peasant militancy</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which critical outcome was achieved despite the government’s repression during the civil disobedience movement?

    <p>Strengthened political consciousness among the masses</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a significant impact of the arrests of Congress leaders on the civil disobedience movement?

    <p>There was a marked decline in support and enthusiasm</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did the government's ordinance affect the civil disobedience movement?

    <p>It resulted in the suspension of normal legal processes</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What contributed to the decline in support from urban traders during the latter part of 1930?

    <p>Many started selling foreign goods again</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a major method of repression employed by the government against freedom fighters?

    <p>Arresting over a lakh of satyagrahis</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the primary action encouraged during the Non-Cooperation Movement?

    <p>Refusing cooperation with the British</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was one of the effects of the seizures of property by the government on nationalist sentiments?

    <p>Diminished nationalistic ardor among rich peasants</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which statement accurately reflects women's participation in the two movements?

    <p>Women's participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement was higher than in the Non-Cooperation Movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What significant achievement did Gandhi secure through negotiations with the Viceroy?

    <p>Acknowledgment of Congress as an equal participant</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was a key difference in the participation of Muslims between the two movements?

    <p>Muslim participation was higher in the Non-Cooperation Movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    How did peasant participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement compare to the Non-Cooperation Movement?

    <p>Peasant participation in the Civil Disobedience Movement was higher than in the Non-Cooperation Movement.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What was the estimated number of people imprisoned during the Civil Disobedience Movement?

    <p>Over 90,000</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which action was NOT part of the Non-Cooperation Movement?

    <p>Breaking colonial laws</p> Signup and view all the answers

    What distinguishes the focus of the Non-Cooperation Movement from that of the Civil Disobedience Movement?

    <p>NCM emphasized boycott, while CDM emphasized lawbreaking.</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Which of the following demographic groups was notably less engaged in the Civil Disobedience Movement compared to the Non-Cooperation Movement?

    <p>Muslims</p> Signup and view all the answers

    Study Notes

    • Civil disobedience movement (1930-1934) initiated during the Lahore session of the Congress (1929)
    • Congress Working Committee (CWC) authorized to launch a civil disobedience program
    • Gandhi's eleven demands presented to Viceroy Irwin on 31st January 1930
    • Reduction in the rupee-sterling ratio
    • Reduction in land revenue
    • Abolition of salt tax and government monopoly on salt
    • Reduction in salaries of highest-grade officials and military expenditure
    • Release of political prisoners
    • Protection of Indian textiles by imposing customs duty on foreign cloth
    • Reserve coastal shipping for Indians
    • Prohibition of intoxicants
    • Reform in Criminal Investigation Department
    • Acceptance of Postal Reservation Bill
    • Issue of arms licenses to citizens
    • Gandhi sent a letter to Lord Irwin on 2nd March 1930, explaining British rule as a curse and his desire to convert British mindset through non-violence.
    • Gandhi proposed a Salt March to break the Salt Law if demands were not met by 11 March 1930
    • Irwin was unwilling to negotiate, commencing the Salt March on 12th March.
    • Salt March (Dandi March) launched by Gandhi with 78 followers from Sabarmati Ashram (Ahmedabad) to Dandi.
    • Movement reached Dandi on April 6, 1930, marking a key event by breaking the salt law, sparking disobedience.
    • The British government, under colonial rule, established a monopoly over salt production, storage, and distribution in India from 1882.
    • Salt was considered a vital daily necessity, heavily taxed.
    • Tax on salt was considered particularly oppressive, as it affected all sections of society, from the rich to the poor.
    • Participants of the Salt March walked over 240 miles over 24 days and spread to other parts of the country.

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    PMF History Notes 2024 Updated (Civil Disobedience Movement)

    Description

    Explore the pivotal moments of the Civil Disobedience Movement launched by Gandhi during 1930-1934. This quiz covers his eleven demands, strategies, and the significance of the Salt March. Dive into this crucial era of the Indian independence struggle and understand its impact on British rule.

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