Citric Acid Cycle and Redox Reactions
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Questions and Answers

Which molecule is produced after the removal of 1 carbon from pyruvate in step 1?

  • Acetyl-CoA (correct)
  • Lactate
  • Oxaloacetate
  • Fumarate

What is produced during the link reaction of the TCA cycle?

  • NADPH
  • NADH (correct)
  • ATP
  • FADH2

What is the process called where the position of atoms within a molecule is changed in step 2?

  • Oxidation
  • Phosphorylation
  • Isomerisation (correct)
  • Reduction

How many carbons does the pyruvate molecule contain before the link reaction?

<p>3 (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which of the following is a correct description of the link reaction in the TCA cycle?

<p>A 2 carbon molecule called Acetyl-CoA is formed from pyruvate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What energy-carrying molecule is produced in Step 5?

<p>GTP (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme helps join GDP and phosphate group in Step 5?

<p>Ligase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What process in Step 5 provides the energy needed for the reaction?

<p>Breaking thioester bond (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What type of molecule is produced along with FADH2 in Step 6?

<p>NADH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme assists in changing the molecule back to its original 4 carbon form in Step 6?

<p>Oxidoreductase (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to electrons in a redox reaction?

<p>Electrons are transferred (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which enzyme is involved in making or breaking double bonds between carbon atoms?

<p>Ligase (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What molecule is reformed in step 8 during the citric acid cycle?

<p>Oxaloacetate (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is produced by transferring electrons to NAD+ during the citric acid cycle?

<p>NADH (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which statement accurately describes the citric acid cycle?

<p>The citric acid cycle can occur in the presence or absence of oxygen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is released when a three carbon molecule breaks down in the citric acid cycle?

<p>One CO2 (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

How many carbon atoms are left after a three carbon molecule breaks down?

<p>Two (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does the two carbon molecule do after it is created?

<p>It enters the cycle where it undergoes various reactions (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens when the two carbon molecule joins with a four carbon molecule?

<p>It forms a six carbon molecule (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the six carbon molecule in the citric acid cycle?

<p>It loses two carbon dioxide molecules (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What happens to the 6 carbon molecule in Step 3?

<p>One carbon dioxide is removed, changing it to a 5 carbon molecule (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is reduced to NADH in Step 3?

<p>NAD+ (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of oxidoreductase in Step 3?

<p>Helps the redox reaction happen (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What changes occur to the 5 carbon molecule in Step 4?

<p>It becomes a 4 carbon molecule by removing CO2 (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which molecule captures electrons in Step 4?

<p>NAD+ (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

Citric Acid Cycle (TCA Cycle)

  • Links with glycolysis
  • 3-carbon pyruvate molecule is converted into 2-carbon Acetyl-CoA
  • 1 carbon is removed as CO2
  • NADH is produced in the process

Step 2: Isomerization

  • Atoms (hydrogen) within the molecule are rearranged
  • Rearranged molecule is used in further reactions in the cycle

Step 3

  • 1 carbon dioxide is removed, changing 6-carbon molecule to 5-carbon molecule
  • Oxidoreductase enzymes assist in this process
  • NAD+ is reduced to NADH, gaining electrons
  • Energy is captured in the form of NADH

Step 4

  • CO2 is removed, changing 5-carbon molecule to 4-carbon molecule
  • NAD+ is reduced, producing more NADH by capturing electrons
  • Oxidoreductase enzymes help in the process

Step 5

  • Produces GTP (energy-carrying molecule)
  • Phosphate group is added to GDP, converting it to ATP
  • Breaking thioester bond provides energy for the reaction
  • Ligase enzyme helps join GDP and phosphate group, making ATP

Step 6

  • Molecule is changed back to the original 4-carbon molecule
  • Oxidoreductase assists in this process
  • Reaction produces NADH + FADH2, storing energy for later
  • Completing the cycle to produce more energy

Step 7

  • Electrons are transferred, changing the molecular structure
  • Ligase enzyme helps make/break double bonds between carbon atoms

Step 8

  • 4-carbon molecule oxaloacetate is reformed
  • Redox reaction occurs, producing more NADH by transferring electrons to NAD+

Redox Reactions

  • Oxidation = loss of electrons
  • Reduction = gain of electrons

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Description

This quiz covers the Citric Acid cycle, redox reactions, and the role of enzymes in forming and breaking chemical bonds.

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