Citing Sources with In-text Citations and References
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Citing Sources with In-text Citations and References

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Questions and Answers

What is the general format for an in-text citation with one author?

Author (Year, p. Page Number)

How would you cite a book with one author in a reference list?

Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.

What is the format for an in-text citation with three or more authors?

Smith et al. (2020, p. 12)

How would you cite a journal article with two authors in a reference list?

<p>Johnson, K., &amp; Thompson, R. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20.</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the format for citing a YouTube video?

<p>Smith, J. (2020, January 10). The history of psychology [Video]. YouTube.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you cite an email in a reference list?

<p>Smith, J. (2020, January 10). [Subject line]. Email to [Recipient's Name].</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is the format for citing a book chapter in a reference list?

<p>Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. In J. Johnson (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of psychology (pp. 12-20). Oxford University Press.</p> Signup and view all the answers

How would you cite a website in a reference list?

<p>Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Retrieved from</p> Signup and view all the answers

Study Notes

In-text Citations

  • General format: Author(s) (Year, p. Page Number)
  • One author: (Smith, 2020, p. 12)
  • Two authors: (Smith & Johnson, 2020, p. 12)
  • Three or more authors: (Smith et al., 2020, p. 12)
  • No author: ("Title," 2020, p. 12)
  • Multiple sources: (Smith, 2020, p. 12; Johnson, 2020, p. 15)

End-text References

  • General format: Author(s). (Year). Title. Publisher.
  • Book: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.
  • Journal article: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20.
  • Book chapter: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. In J. Johnson (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of psychology (pp. 12-20). Oxford University Press.

Book Citations

  • One author: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.
  • Two authors: Smith, J., & Johnson, K. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.
  • Three or more authors: Smith, J., Johnson, K., & Thompson, R. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.
  • Edited book: Johnson, K. (Ed.). (2020). The Oxford handbook of psychology. Oxford University Press.
  • Translated book: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology (R. Johnson, Trans.). Routledge. (Original work published 2015)

Journal Article Citations

  • One author: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20.
  • Two authors: Johnson, K., & Thompson, R. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20.
  • Three or more authors: Johnson, K., Thompson, R., & Smith, J. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20.
  • Online article: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20. doi: 10.1037/jes0000123

Video Citations

  • YouTube video: Smith, J. (2020, January 10). The history of psychology [Video]. YouTube.
  • Online video: Johnson, K. (2020, February 20). The effects of climate change [Video]. Vimeo.

Email Citations

  • Email: Smith, J. (2020, January 10). Re: The history of psychology [Email].

Website Citations

  • Website: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Retrieved from
  • Online article: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Retrieved from

Book Chapter Citations

  • One author: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. In J. Johnson (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of psychology (pp. 12-20). Oxford University Press.
  • Two authors: Smith, J., & Johnson, K. (2020). The history of psychology. In J. Johnson (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of psychology (pp. 12-20). Oxford University Press.
  • Three or more authors: Smith, J., Johnson, K., & Thompson, R. (2020). The history of psychology. In J. Johnson (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of psychology (pp. 12-20). Oxford University Press.

Citation Formats

  • In-text citations: Author(s) (Year, p. Page Number)
    • One author: (Smith, 2020, p. 12)
    • Two authors: (Smith & Johnson, 2020, p. 12)
    • Three or more authors: (Smith et al., 2020, p. 12)
    • No author: ("Title," 2020, p. 12)
    • Multiple sources: (Smith, 2020, p. 12; Johnson, 2020, p. 15)

Book Citations

  • One author: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.
  • Two authors: Smith, J., & Johnson, K. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.
  • Three or more authors: Smith, J., Johnson, K., & Thompson, R. (2020). The history of psychology. Routledge.
  • Edited book: Johnson, K. (Ed.). (2020). The Oxford handbook of psychology. Oxford University Press.
  • Translated book: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology (R. Johnson, Trans.). Routledge. (Original work published 2015)

Journal Article Citations

  • One author: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20.
  • Two authors: Johnson, K., & Thompson, R. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20.
  • Three or more authors: Johnson, K., Thompson, R., & Smith, J. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20.
  • Online article: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Journal of Environmental Science, 10(2), 12-20. doi: 10.1037/jes0000123

Video Citations

  • YouTube video: Smith, J. (2020, January 10). The history of psychology [Video]. YouTube.
  • Online video: Johnson, K. (2020, February 20). The effects of climate change [Video]. Vimeo.

Email Citations

  • Email: Smith, J. (2020, January 10). Re: The history of psychology [Email].

Website Citations

  • Website: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Retrieved from [Website URL]
  • Online article: Johnson, K. (2020). The effects of climate change. Retrieved from [Website URL]

Book Chapter Citations

  • One author: Smith, J. (2020). The history of psychology. In J. Johnson (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of psychology (pp. 12-20). Oxford University Press.
  • Two authors: Smith, J., & Johnson, K. (2020). The history of psychology. In J. Johnson (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of psychology (pp. 12-20). Oxford University Press.
  • Three or more authors: Smith, J., Johnson, K., & Thompson, R. (2020). The history of psychology. In J. Johnson (Ed.), The Oxford handbook of psychology (pp. 12-20). Oxford University Press.

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Learn the basics of in-text citations and end-text references with examples for authors, books, and journal articles. Practice formatting citations accurately for academic writing.

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