NWT Chapter 2

Cisco IOS is the operating system responsible for managing the functions and operations of Cisco networking devices.

The shell provides a user interface (CLI or GUI) allowing users to interact with the device and issue commands.

The kernel acts as a bridge between the hardware and software, ensuring hardware resources are utilized effectively to meet software requirements.

Out-of-band access methods use a separate connection, typically a physical console cable or modem, to connect to a Cisco device without relying on the network.

The console port allows direct physical connection to a Cisco device using a console cable, typically for initial configuration or troubleshooting.

The auxiliary port, using a modem and telephone line, provides an alternate way to access a device, primarily used for remote management or troubleshooting.

In-band access methods utilize an active network connection, requiring an active network interface and configured services, often used for remote management.

Telnet and SSH are protocols used for in-band access via virtual terminals (VTY) to a Cisco device, enabling remote management and configuration.

A software program used to establish a connection to a network device, such as a router or switch.

A type of terminal emulation program that allows you to connect to network devices.

A mode accessible by typing 'enable' in User EXEC mode. This mode allows the user to execute privileged commands for managing the device.

A mode where you can configure the basic settings of a router such as hostname, IP address, and passwords.

A mode achieved by typing 'configure terminal' in Privileged EXEC mode. These modes allow you to configure the device's settings like interfaces, routing protocols, and security.

A mode accessed by typing 'exit' in Global Configuration Mode. This mode allows you to configure the settings of a specific interface, such as its IP address, subnet mask, and status.

A mode entered by typing 'exit' in Other Configuration mode. This mode is used for executing general management and monitoring commands.

A command used to exit any configuration mode and return to the previous mode.

The set of commands that can be executed within User EXEC mode.

The set of commands that can be used in Privileged EXEC mode.

A unique alphanumeric identifier assigned to a network device, allowing it to be identified and communicated with on a network.

A portion of an IP address that defines a network segment, allowing devices within that segment to communicate with each other.

The IP address of a gateway router, which acts as a bridge between a local network and a larger network, allowing communication beyond the local network.

A type of configuration where devices manually receive their IP addresses, subnet masks, and default gateways.

A type of configuration where devices automatically obtain their IP addresses from a DHCP server.

The IOS command structure uses a hierarchical structure, starting with global configuration mode, where you can configure the device's general settings, and then branching into other configuration modes, like interface configurations, for specific components.

The command structure follows a pattern of keywords, arguments, and parameters that are used to configure specific settings or features on a Cisco device.

Context-sensitive help, accessed using the question mark (?) symbol in IOS commands, provides real-time information and assistance by suggesting possible keywords or arguments based on the current command context.

When you enter an incomplete command or use incorrect syntax, the IOS provides error messages indicating where the problem lies, such as using the '^' character to mark the invalid section of the command. It also might inform you if the entered command is ambiguous, requiring more characters for identification.

The tab key is used to auto-complete partially entered words or commands, while Ctrl-R re-displays the previous command line, Ctrl-A moves the cursor to the start of the line. These tools speed up and simplify command entry in IOS.

The 'configure terminal' command places you into the global configuration mode, allowing you to access a wide range of settings to configure the Cisco device.

When moving between different configuration modes, like from the interface configuration mode to the line configuration mode, you don't need to return to the global configuration mode first. You can directly access the target configuration mode.

Use this command to display various system information like the IOS version, memory details, and device model.

Use this command to configure a descriptive name for the router or switch, making it easier to identify in a network.

This command converts all plain text passwords stored in the device to an encrypted format, enhancing security.

This command enables an interface, making it active and ready to communicate on the network.

This command helps you configure a banner message that will display when someone logs into the device. It's often used for legal notices.

This command displays the current configuration file, which contains all the settings you've applied to the device.

This command copies the running configuration, which resides in RAM, to the startup configuration in NVRAM, ensuring your settings are saved even after a reboot.

This command deletes the startup configuration file, removing all your saved settings.

Use this command to set a password for privileged EXEC mode, granting access to more advanced configuration options.

Use this command to configure a password for the console port, protecting access through a physical console cable.