CIS 109 Final Exam: Python Programming Fundamentals

Python Features and Functions

• Python emphasizes readability through its clean, straightforward syntax, which reduces complexity.
• Supports multiple programming paradigms, including procedural, object-oriented, and functional programming.
• Automatic garbage collection simplifies memory management, as it periodically frees up memory by deleting unreferenced objects.
• The PYTHONPATH environment variable directs the Python interpreter to locate module files.
• The function float() is used to convert a string into a floating-point number in Python.
• The PYTHONCASEOK environment variable allows Python to find the first case-insensitive match during imports.
• The PYTHONPATH environment variable can also be set to specify alternative module search paths.

String and List Operations in Python

• Python is a case-sensitive language, meaning variable and function names are case-specific.
• Files are closed using the file.close() method in Python syntax.
• Output of print(str) when str = 'Hello World!' is Hello World!.
• The output of print(str[2:5]) for str = 'Hello World!' is llo.
• The output of print(str * 2) when str = 'Hello World!' is Hello World!Hello World!.
• The output of print(list) when list = ['abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.2] is ['abcd', 786, 2.23, 'john', 70.2].
• The output of print(list[1:3]) for the same list is [786, 2.23].
• The output of print(list[2:]) results in [2.23, 'john', 70.2].

Ruby Features and Functions

• The exponentiation operator in Ruby is **.
• The statement puts "#{3 + 2}" in Ruby outputs 5, because it evaluates the expression inside the string interpolation.
• To interpret a line of code as a math operation in Ruby, the syntax uses standard arithmetic operators.
• In Emacs on Linux, text is read or written in buffers.
• To output the first item in an array in Ruby, one can use array.first or array[0].
• EMACS stands for "Editor MACro System," a powerful text editor in Linux.
• In Linux, the $ symbol is used to reference a variable.
• Strings in Ruby can be concatenated using the + operator or the << (shovel) operator.

Linux and General Concepts

• sudo stands for "superuser do," allowing users to execute commands with elevated privileges.
• A constant in Ruby can be created with CONSTANT_NAME = 3, where the constant name is typically uppercase.
• Wildcard characters in Linux are known as "globbing".
• Properties that describe or characterize an object in Ruby are referred to as attributes or methods.
• Ruby treats numbers and other primitive data types as objects, endowing them with methods.
• In Linux, comment lines are used to explain the code, making it easier to understand and maintain.
• Perl is known for its text processing capabilities and supports procedural and object-oriented programming.

Test your knowledge of Python programming basics with this CIS 109 final exam study guide. Explore the language's features, syntax, and programming methods. Review the correct answers to these multiple-choice questions and improve your understanding of Python.