Cirrhosis Causes and Effects

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What is the primary function of apoptosis in biological processes?

To induce cell division

To promote tumor growth

To regulate cell growth and death (correct)

To stimulate inflammation

What is the result of suppressing apoptosis in certain cell types?

Stimulation of inflammation

Accumulation of cells (correct)

Inhibition of necrosis

Cell division and growth

What is the primary characteristic that distinguishes apoptosis from necrosis?

Stimulus response

Biochemical changes

Morphologic criteria (correct)

Cellular function

What is the common cause of cholestasis?

Drug-induced toxicity Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of cholestasis?

Retention of bile salts and bilirubin accumulation Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary cause of hepatitis?

Viral infection Signup and view all the answers

What is the characteristic of cirrhosis?

Deposition of collagen throughout the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the incidence of chemical-induced hepatitis?

Very low Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the liver regarding glucose?

Converting glucose to glycogen for storage Signup and view all the answers

Why is the liver often the target organ for chemically induced injuries?

Because it is the first organ perfused by chemicals absorbed in the gut Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary function of the cytochrome P450-dependent monooxygenase system in the liver?

To metabolize xenobiotics and facilitate detoxification Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary mechanism of fatty liver disease?

Impaired release of triglycerides from the liver into the plasma Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of an oversupply of free fatty acids from adipose tissues?

Increased lipid accumulation in the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the function of the hepatic portal vein in relation to xenobiotics?

To transport xenobiotics from the gut to the liver Signup and view all the answers

What is the primary factor that determines the type of liver injury?

All of the above Signup and view all the answers

What is the result of impaired release of triglycerides from the liver into the plasma?

Increased lipid accumulation in the liver Signup and view all the answers

What causes cirrhosis in most cases?

Chronic chemical injury Signup and view all the answers

What is the role of fibrous material in cirrhosis?

It causes restrictions in blood flow and liver function Signup and view all the answers

Which is the most common cause of cirrhosis in humans?

Chronic use of ethanol Signup and view all the answers

What is the most common type of primary liver tumor?

Hepatocellular carcinoma Signup and view all the answers

Which naturally occurring substances are known liver carcinogens?

Aflatoxin and safrole Signup and view all the answers

What is the most notable case of occupation-related liver cancer in humans?

Angiosarcoma among vinyl chloride-exposed workers Signup and view all the answers

What is a key characteristic of carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) as a hepatotoxicant?

It is activated by cytochrome P450 to form reactive free radicals Signup and view all the answers

What happens when carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) is metabolized in the liver?

It forms the trichloromethyl radical (CCl3̊) Signup and view all the answers