Circulatory Systems in Animals

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Questions and Answers

Which of the following circulatory systems allows blood to travel under high pressure to reach all parts of the body?

  • Single circulation system
  • Clot circulation system
  • Open circulation system
  • Double circulation system (correct)

Fish have a double circulation system.

False (B)

What is the primary advantage of a double circulation system?

It allows blood to be under higher pressure for efficient nutrient and oxygen distribution.

In an open circulatory system, the fluid that circulates is called __________.

<p>hemolymph</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the type of circulatory system to its characteristics:

<p>Single circulation = Blood passes through the heart once per cycle Double circulation = Blood passes through the heart twice per cycle Open circulation = Blood is not contained within vessels Closed circulation = Blood is contained within vessels</p> Signup and view all the answers

What is a critical disadvantage of a single circulation system?

<p>It limits the size of the organism. (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In a closed circulation system, blood is carried in vessels.

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What does pulmonary circulation refer to?

<p>The movement of blood from the heart to the lungs and back.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The __________ system involves blood circulating freely and directly bathing the organs and tissues.

<p>open circulatory</p> Signup and view all the answers

Which type of circulatory system is typically found in mammals?

<p>Double circulation system (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

The blood in fish circulates at high pressure.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

What restricts the size of organisms with a single circulation system?

<p>The slower circulation rate and lower pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

Match the following organs to their associated circulatory systems:

<p>Lungs = Double circulation system Gills = Single circulation system Insect body = Open circulation system Blood vessels = Closed circulation system</p> Signup and view all the answers

Hemolymph is a type of blood found in mammals.

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

In mammals and birds, the systemic circulation takes blood to the __________.

<p>body</p> Signup and view all the answers

Flashcards

Double Circulation System

A circulatory system where blood travels through the heart twice in one cycle, allowing for higher pressure and efficient delivery of oxygen and nutrients.

Single Circulation System

A circulatory system where blood travels through the heart only once per cycle.

Arteries

The blood vessels that carry blood away from the heart.

Veins

The blood vessels that carry blood back to the heart.

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Capillaries

Tiny blood vessels where gas exchange occurs between blood and tissues.

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Closed Circulatory System

A circulatory system in which blood remains contained within vessels.

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Open Circulatory System

A circulatory system where blood is not always contained within vessels.

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Hemolymph

The fluid that circulates in an open circulatory system, like in insects.

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Atrium

The chamber of the heart that receives blood from the body.

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Ventricle

The chamber of the heart that pumps blood out to the body.

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Pulmonary Circulation

The circulation of blood through the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and releases carbon dioxide.

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Systemic Circulation

The circulation of blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients to tissues.

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Simple Heart

The heart of a fish has only one atrium and one ventricle.

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Tissue Fluid

The process in which oxygen and nutrients are delivered to cells, and waste products are removed.

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Waste Removal

The process where waste products are released from cells and enter the bloodstream.

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Study Notes

Circulatory Systems in Animals

  • Double Circulation (Mammals and Birds): Blood circulates through the heart twice in one cycle.

    • Pulmonary circulation: blood travels to the lungs and back.
    • Systemic circulation: blood flows to the body and back.
    • Benefit: lower pressure to the lungs to prevent damage, higher pressure to the body for efficient delivery to extremities. Increased circulation speed.

  • Single Circulation (Fish): Blood passes through the heart only once per cycle.

    • Simple heart: one atrium and one ventricle.
    • Limitation: lower pressure and slower circulation, which limits organism size. Blood cannot reach high pressure without damaging the gills.

  • Open Circulation (Insects): Blood (hemolymph) isn't contained within vessels.

    • Fluid circulates around the body, often driven by the animal's movement.
    • Cells bathe directly in the hemolymph for nutrient exchange.
    • Less efficient than closed systems, limiting organism size.

  • Closed Circulation (General): Blood is contained within blood vessels (arteries, veins, capillaries).

    • Tissue fluid surrounds cells, delivering nutrients and removing waste.
    • More efficient than open systems, allowing for larger organism size and faster nutrient and gas exchange.

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