Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which of the following is NOT a main vessel involved in pulmonary circulation?
Which of the following is NOT a main vessel involved in pulmonary circulation?
- Pulmonary Capillaries
- Pulmonary Veins
- Pulmonary Artery
- Aorta (correct)
The systemic circulation carries deoxygenated blood away from the lungs to the rest of the body.
The systemic circulation carries deoxygenated blood away from the lungs to the rest of the body.
False (B)
What is the name of the valve through which blood passes from the right atrium to the right ventricle?
What is the name of the valve through which blood passes from the right atrium to the right ventricle?
tricuspid valve
The exchange of gases occurs between the blood and the ____ of the lungs.
The exchange of gases occurs between the blood and the ____ of the lungs.
Match the following vessels with their function in circulation:
Match the following vessels with their function in circulation:
Oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the:
Oxygenated blood returns to the heart via the:
The mitral valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
The mitral valve is located between the right atrium and right ventricle.
Which heart chamber pumps blood into the aorta for systemic circulation?
Which heart chamber pumps blood into the aorta for systemic circulation?
Which of the following arteries supplies the thyroid gland?
Which of the following arteries supplies the thyroid gland?
The internal carotid artery primarily supplies the superficial tissues of the head and neck.
The internal carotid artery primarily supplies the superficial tissues of the head and neck.
What is the name of the circular arterial structure that supplies blood to the brain?
What is the name of the circular arterial structure that supplies blood to the brain?
The walls of the carotid sinuses contain nerve endings called ________ which are sensitive to changes in blood pressure.
The walls of the carotid sinuses contain nerve endings called ________ which are sensitive to changes in blood pressure.
Which artery supplies the muscles of mastication?
Which artery supplies the muscles of mastication?
Match the artery with its primary area of supply:
Match the artery with its primary area of supply:
The carotid bodies are chemoreceptors that are stimulated by changes in blood pressure.
The carotid bodies are chemoreceptors that are stimulated by changes in blood pressure.
Name two arteries that form the circulus arteriosus.
Name two arteries that form the circulus arteriosus.
Which of the following correctly lists the order of blood vessels in the arterial system?
Which of the following correctly lists the order of blood vessels in the arterial system?
The capillaries are responsible for pumping blood throughout the arteries.
The capillaries are responsible for pumping blood throughout the arteries.
Where does the blood return to after circulating through the body?
Where does the blood return to after circulating through the body?
The ascending aorta branches into the right and left _________ , which supply blood to the heart muscle.
The ascending aorta branches into the right and left _________ , which supply blood to the heart muscle.
Match the sections of the aorta with their descriptions:
Match the sections of the aorta with their descriptions:
At what level does the thoracic aorta pass behind the diaphragm and become the abdominal aorta?
At what level does the thoracic aorta pass behind the diaphragm and become the abdominal aorta?
The arch of the aorta branches directly into the right and left subclavian arteries.
The arch of the aorta branches directly into the right and left subclavian arteries.
What is the primary function of the capillaries in the circulatory system?
What is the primary function of the capillaries in the circulatory system?
Which of the following arteries are part of the Circulus Arteriosus (Circle of Willis)?
Which of the following arteries are part of the Circulus Arteriosus (Circle of Willis)?
The basilar artery supplies the posterior part of the brain.
The basilar artery supplies the posterior part of the brain.
What artery is a direct branch of the subclavian artery and supplies the brain?
What artery is a direct branch of the subclavian artery and supplies the brain?
The coeliac artery divides into the left gastric artery, the splenic artery, and the ______ artery.
The coeliac artery divides into the left gastric artery, the splenic artery, and the ______ artery.
Match the arteries with the areas they supply:
Match the arteries with the areas they supply:
Which of the following is NOT an unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta?
Which of the following is NOT an unpaired branch of the abdominal aorta?
The radial and ulnar arteries are found in the lower limb.
The radial and ulnar arteries are found in the lower limb.
What is the name of the artery that branches from the abdominal aorta at the 4th lumbar vertebrae?
What is the name of the artery that branches from the abdominal aorta at the 4th lumbar vertebrae?
Which artery supplies blood to the structures of the thigh and some superficial pelvic and inguinal structures?
Which artery supplies blood to the structures of the thigh and some superficial pelvic and inguinal structures?
The superior vena cava drains blood from all structures below the diaphragm.
The superior vena cava drains blood from all structures below the diaphragm.
What is the name of the vein that returns venous blood from superficial structures of the face and scalp?
What is the name of the vein that returns venous blood from superficial structures of the face and scalp?
The inferior vena cava is formed at the level of the 5th lumbar vertebra by the union of the right and the left common _________ veins.
The inferior vena cava is formed at the level of the 5th lumbar vertebra by the union of the right and the left common _________ veins.
Match the following veins with their respective drainage areas:
Match the following veins with their respective drainage areas:
Which artery is responsible for supplying the knee joint?
Which artery is responsible for supplying the knee joint?
The dural venous sinuses carry venous blood from superficial areas of the brain.
The dural venous sinuses carry venous blood from superficial areas of the brain.
What are the names of the two main veins that drain venous blood from the organs of the chest?
What are the names of the two main veins that drain venous blood from the organs of the chest?
What prevents backward flow in veins?
What prevents backward flow in veins?
Superficial veins receive more support from surrounding tissues than deep veins.
Superficial veins receive more support from surrounding tissues than deep veins.
What is the longest vein in the body?
What is the longest vein in the body?
The placenta is a temporary structure that allows the exchange of substances between the mother and the ________.
The placenta is a temporary structure that allows the exchange of substances between the mother and the ________.
What is the approximate weight of a mature placenta?
What is the approximate weight of a mature placenta?
How does oxygen primarily move from maternal blood to fetal blood in the placenta?
How does oxygen primarily move from maternal blood to fetal blood in the placenta?
Match the following components of the umbilical cord with their function:
Match the following components of the umbilical cord with their function:
Besides exchange of substances, what are two functions of the placenta?
Besides exchange of substances, what are two functions of the placenta?
Flashcards
Pulmonary Circulation
Pulmonary Circulation
Blood circulation through the heart and lungs, where deoxygenated blood is sent to the lungs for oxygenation and then back to the heart.
Systemic Circulation
Systemic Circulation
Blood circulation through the heart and the rest of the body, delivering oxygenated blood to tissues and bringing back deoxygenated blood to the heart.
Superior and Inferior Vena Cava
Superior and Inferior Vena Cava
Major veins that carry deoxygenated blood from the upper and lower body to the right atrium of the heart.
Tricuspid Valve
Tricuspid Valve
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Aorta
Aorta
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Mitral Valve
Mitral Valve
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Capillaries
Capillaries
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Portal Circulation
Portal Circulation
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Ascending aorta
Ascending aorta
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Arch of the aorta
Arch of the aorta
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Descending aorta
Descending aorta
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Abdominal aorta
Abdominal aorta
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Arterioles
Arterioles
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Carotid Arteries
Carotid Arteries
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External Carotid Artery
External Carotid Artery
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Internal Carotid Artery
Internal Carotid Artery
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Circulus Arteriosus (Circle of Willis)
Circulus Arteriosus (Circle of Willis)
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Carotid Sinuses and Bodies
Carotid Sinuses and Bodies
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Vertebral Arteries
Vertebral Arteries
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Baroreceptors in Carotid Sinuses
Baroreceptors in Carotid Sinuses
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Chemoreceptors in Carotid Bodies
Chemoreceptors in Carotid Bodies
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Internal iliac arteries
Internal iliac arteries
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External iliac arteries
External iliac arteries
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Femoral artery
Femoral artery
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Popliteal artery
Popliteal artery
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Anterior tibial artery
Anterior tibial artery
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Posterior tibial artery
Posterior tibial artery
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Dorsalis pedis artery
Dorsalis pedis artery
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Plantar artery
Plantar artery
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Circle of Willis
Circle of Willis
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Subclavian Artery
Subclavian Artery
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Pulmonary Artery
Pulmonary Artery
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Inferior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
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Superior Vena Cava
Superior Vena Cava
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Carotid Artery
Carotid Artery
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Celiac Artery
Celiac Artery
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Great Saphenous Vein
Great Saphenous Vein
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Small Saphenous Vein
Small Saphenous Vein
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What is the role of the placenta?
What is the role of the placenta?
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Where and how does the placenta develop?
Where and how does the placenta develop?
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What does the umbilical cord do in fetal circulation?
What does the umbilical cord do in fetal circulation?
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How does the maternal blood flow to and interact with the fetal blood?
How does the maternal blood flow to and interact with the fetal blood?
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What are the key features of fetal circulation?
What are the key features of fetal circulation?
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What is the blood flow pathway in fetal circulation?
What is the blood flow pathway in fetal circulation?
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Study Notes
Anatomy and Physiology 1 Cardiovascular System - Topic 4.3 Circulation
- The cardiovascular system is divided into two circulatory systems: pulmonary and systemic.
- Blood circulates through these two divisions to deliver oxygen and nutrients to the body's tissues.
- The learning outcomes for this topic include: listing blood vessels involved in lung circulation, explaining blood circulation through the lungs, listing arteries supplying blood to major body structures, stating venous drainage to return blood to the heart from the body, and explaining blood vessel arrangements relating to portal circulation.
Blood Flow through Blood Vessels
- Blood circulation involves a complex network of blood vessels.
Circulatory System
- Blood flows through two divisions of the circulatory system – pulmonary and systemic circulation.
Pulmonary Circulation
- Blood is pumped from the right ventricle to the lungs.
- Oxygen is absorbed through the pulmonary capillaries surrounding the alveoli.
- Pulmonary veins return oxygenated blood to the heart's left atrium.
Systemic Circulation
- Blood is pumped from the left ventricle.
- The blood delivers oxygen to the body's tissues through the arterial system.
- Deoxygenated blood returns to the right atrium via the venous system.
Major Blood Vessels - Aorta
- The aorta is the largest artery in the body.
- It has three major sections: the ascending, arch, and descending aorta.
- The ascending aorta supplies blood to the coronary arteries, which supply the heart muscle.
- The arch of the aorta branches into the brachiocephalic, left common carotid, and left subclavian arteries, supplying blood to the upper body.
- The descending aorta further branches to supply blood to the rest of the body through intercostal, bronchial, and oesophageal arteries to different parts of the body.
Major Blood Vessels - Arteries in Head and Neck
- Carotid arteries supply blood to the head and neck.
- The external carotid artery supplies superficial tissues.
- The internal carotid artery helps form the circle of Willis to supply most of the brain.
- Vertebral arteries supply blood to the brain.
- Arteries of the head and neck are detailed for their branching structures.
Circulus Arteriosus (Circle of Willis)
- A network of arteries at the base of the brain.
- It provides alternate routes for blood flow to the brain, enabling efficient blood supply if a part of the system is compromised
- It is formed from two internal carotid arteries, two vertebral arteries, and several small communicating arteries.
Circulation in the Upper Limb
- The right subclavian artery supplies blood to the upper limb.
- It branches into the vertebral artery, and internal thoracic artery.
- The subclavian artery branches into the axillary, brachial, radial, and ulnar arteries to supply blood to the shoulder, upper arm, forearm, and hand.
Circulation in the Thorax
- The thoracic aorta branches into the bronchial arteries to supply lung tissues, and oesophageal arteries for some parts of the oesophagus, along with intercostal arteries for muscle and ribs.
Circulation in the Abdomen
- The paired branches of the abdominal aorta supply structures in the abdomen: phrenic arteries (diaphragm), renal arteries (kidneys), suprarenal arteries (adrenal glands), and gonadal arteries (ovaries/testes).
- The unpaired branches of the abdominal aorta include the celiac artery (stomach, spleen, liver), superior mesenteric artery (small intestine), and inferior mesenteric artery (large intestine).
Venous Supply
- Venous blood returns to the heart from everywhere in the body via a complex system of progressively larger veins.
- Superior and inferior vena cavae are the large veins.
- Venous blood from structures above/below the diaphragm are delivered to the right atrium.
Portal Circulation
- The portal circulation is a unique circulatory route where blood from the digestive organs passes through the liver first before reaching the heart.
- It plays a role in metabolism, passing through the liver before entering the general circulation.
Fetal Circulation
- Placenta- The temporary structure in the uterus that exchanges nutrients and oxygen from the mother with the fetus.
- Ductus venosus- allows blood to bypass the non-functional fetal liver and return to the inferior vena cava.
- Ductus arteriosus- connects the pulmonary artery to the aorta to allow blood to bypass the non-functional fetal lungs.
- Foramen ovale- allows blood to move from the right atrium to the left atrium, bypassing the non-functional fetal lungs.
- Blood circulation changes after birth to align with the new respiratory and circulatory functions.
Brain Exercises
- Students are expected to name sections of the aorta and describe the function of hepatic portal circulation.
- Additional questions will focus on the structures and functions of the placenta and ductus venosus.
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Description
Test your knowledge on the circulatory system and its functions with this quiz. It covers topics such as pulmonary circulation, heart valves, and the major arteries. Challenge yourself to answer questions about the vessels involved in blood flow and their specific roles.
