lab 4 - circulatory system

False (B)

Sphygmomanometer

<p>pulmonary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Hepatic artery (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Celiac = Abdominal cavity Gastric = Stomach Gonadal = Gonads Hepatic = Liver</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To carry oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Producing hormones (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>True (A)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>To pump blood throughout the body.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elastic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Red blood cells = Transport oxygen White blood cells = Defense against pathogens Platelets = Blood clotting Plasma = Transport nutrients and wastes</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The diameter of the lumen increases (C)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>False (B)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Venous valves.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>flow</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Temperature of blood (D)</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>numerator</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>systole</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>diastole</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pulmonary</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>vena cava</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>systemic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>systolic</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>pump</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>oxygenated</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>70</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>relaxation</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>tunica interna</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>tunica</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>exchange</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>mmHg</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>venous</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Blood volume = Increase leads to higher blood pressure Vessel radius = Wider diameters reduce blood pressure Blood flow = Proportional to pressure gradient Blood viscosity = Higher viscosity increases resistance</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Aorta = Oxygenated blood to the body Pulmonary arteries = Deoxygenated blood to the lungs Pulmonary veins = Oxygenated blood from the lungs Veins = Deoxygenated blood returning to the heart</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The first sound heard indicates systolic pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Deoxygenated blood flows from the right ventricle through the pulmonary trunk to the right and left pulmonary arteries, reaching the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>As cuff pressure decreases and reaches diastolic pressure, blood squirts through the artery in pressure waves, causing the last sound to be heard.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Oxygenated blood is collected by the pulmonary veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The systemic circuit pumps oxygenated blood from the heart to the body, while the pulmonary circuit carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The cuff occludes the brachial artery and is inflated to a pressure above systolic to monitor blood flow sounds.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The celiac artery supplies the abdominal cavity, while the renal artery supplies the kidneys.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>During systole, the heart contracts and sends a wave of pressure through the vascular system.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Arteries operate under higher pressure and have a smaller volume, while veins operate under lower pressure and can hold up to 70% of the total blood supply.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>The tunica media is responsible for regulating blood vessel diameter through smooth muscle contraction, which influences blood pressure and flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Venous valves prevent the backflow of blood, ensuring a consistent flow back to the heart despite lower pressure in veins.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Vasodilation increases the diameter of blood vessels, which enhances blood flow and typically reduces blood pressure due to lower resistance.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Elastic arteries contain a higher percentage of elastic fibers, allowing them to accommodate pressure changes during the cardiac cycle, while muscular arteries primarily regulate blood flow to specific tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Higher blood viscosity leads to increased resistance against blood flow, thereby elevating blood pressure.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Capillary beds facilitate the exchange of gases, nutrients, and waste between blood and surrounding tissues.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>A pressure gradient indicates that blood moves from areas of higher pressure (like the aorta) to areas of lower pressure (like vena cavas), driving blood flow.</p> Signup and view all the answers

<p>Longer blood vessels contribute to higher blood pressure as blood encounters greater resistance over extended distances.</p> Signup and view all the answers

The pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts.

The pressure in the arteries when the heart rests between beats.

The flow of blood through the heart & lungs to pick up oxygen.

The flow of blood through the body delivering oxygen.

Blood pressure-measuring device.

An artery in the upper arm used for taking blood pressure.

Major artery in the abdominal cavity, supplies organs like stomach.

Artery supplying blood to the kidneys.

Blood transports nutrients, wastes, hormones, and maintains homeostasis, protecting the body. It also controls blood pressure and monitors composition.

Blood vessels carry blood throughout the body, transporting oxygen and nutrients, controlling blood pressure, and monitoring blood composition.

The heart pumps blood throughout the body, driving circulation.

Blood is always confined within vessels in the closed circulatory system.

Arteries carry blood away from the heart. They can carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood.

Elastic arteries have more elastic fibers, acting as pressure reservoirs for blood flow when the heart relaxes.

Capillaries exchange gases, nutrients, and wastes between the blood and cells.

The force of blood against the vessel walls, measured in mmHg, driven by the heart's pumping.

Anything that slows or prevents blood flow.

The diameter of the blood vessel. Narrowing or widening affects blood flow and pressure.

The pressure in the arteries when the heart contracts, represented by the numerator in a blood pressure reading.

The pressure in the arteries when the heart is relaxed between beats, represented by the denominator in a blood pressure reading.

To transport deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs for oxygenation, and then return the oxygenated blood back to the heart.

To transport oxygenated blood from the heart to the body, and return deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

By inflating a cuff over the brachial artery and listening for blood flow sounds with a stethoscope, the first sound represents systolic pressure and the last sound represents diastolic pressure.

A major artery in the abdominal cavity that branches out to supply blood to organs like the stomach, liver, spleen, and pancreas.

The artery responsible for supplying blood to the kidneys.

Two veins from each lung that return oxygenated blood from the lungs to the left atrium of the heart.

Blood plays a vital role in transportation of nutrients and wastes, maintaining homeostasis, protecting the body, and regulating blood pressure and blood composition.

The circulatory system comprises blood, blood vessels, and the heart.

Humans have a closed circulatory system where blood is always contained within vessels.

Arteries carry blood away from the heart and can carry oxygenated or deoxygenated blood. They have a thick tunica media with elastic fibers, allowing them to expand and contract.

Elastic arteries, found in the aorta and major branches, contain a higher percentage of elastic fibers in their tunica media, which helps them store pressure during diastole (heart relaxation), effectively pumping blood throughout the body.

Arterioles are smaller branches of arteries responsible for regulating blood flow into capillary beds.

Capillary beds are tiny vessels that allow for the exchange of oxygen, nutrients, and waste between the blood and surrounding cells through their simple squamous endothelium.

Veins carry blood back to the heart, forming a network of vessels that collect blood from the body.

Venous valves are folds in the tunica interna of veins that prevent backflow of blood, ensuring smooth movement back to the heart.

Vasodilation is the widening of blood vessels due to smooth muscle relaxation, increasing blood flow, while vasoconstriction is the narrowing of blood vessels due to smooth muscle contraction, reducing blood flow.

The pathway that carries deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs, where it picks up oxygen and returns to the heart.

The pathway that carries oxygenated blood from the heart to the body and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

Arteries carry blood away from the heart, while veins carry blood back to the heart.

Elastic arteries, like the aorta, have more elastic fibers, allowing them to stretch and recoil, helping to pump blood even when the heart is resting.

Capillaries are tiny vessels where oxygen and nutrients from the blood diffuse into surrounding cells, while waste products move back into the blood.

Veins carry blood to the heart and can hold up to 70% of the body's blood volume, acting as reservoirs.

Venous valves are flaps inside veins that prevent blood from flowing backward, ensuring one-way movement towards the heart.

Vasodilation is the widening of blood vessels, while vasoconstriction is the narrowing of these vessels.

The tunica media, composed of smooth muscle cells and elastic fibers, helps regulate blood pressure by controlling vessel diameter.

Blood pressure measures the force of blood against the vessel walls, driven by the heart's pumping.

The phase when the heart contracts, pumping blood out to the body, creating a wave of pressure through the arteries. During this time, the pressure in the arteries is highest and is measured as systolic pressure.

The phase when the heart relaxes and refills with blood, allowing the arteries to rest. The pressure in the arteries during this phase is lower and is measured as diastolic pressure.

The pulmonary circuit is responsible for transporting deoxygenated blood from the heart to the lungs where carbon dioxide is exchanged for oxygen. The oxygenated blood then returns to the heart.

The systemic circuit pumps oxygenated blood from the heart to the rest of the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients, and returns deoxygenated blood back to the heart.

The first sound heard when releasing pressure from the cuff indicates systolic pressure. The last sound heard represents diastolic pressure.

The circulatory system transports blood throughout the body, delivering oxygen and nutrients, removing waste, and regulating blood pressure.

Flaps in veins that prevent blood from flowing backwards, ensuring one-way movement towards the heart.

The middle layer of blood vessels, composed of smooth muscle and elastic fibers, helps regulate blood pressure by controlling vessel diameter.

Blood pressure is the force of blood against the vessel walls, driven by the heart's pumping. It's measured in mmHg (millimeters of mercury).

The heart pumps to create a pressure gradient that drives blood flow throughout the body. This pressure is highest near the heart and decreases as blood travels further away.