Podcast
Questions and Answers
Which artery gives off the first major branches from the aortic arch?
Which artery gives off the first major branches from the aortic arch?
- Brachiocephalic trunk (correct)
- Left common carotid artery
- Left subclavian artery
- Descending aorta
What is the primary function of the internal carotid artery?
What is the primary function of the internal carotid artery?
- Nourishing the brain (correct)
- Connecting to the external carotid artery
- Transporting blood from the heart
- Supplying blood to the head and neck
What do the common iliac arteries branch into at their terminal points?
What do the common iliac arteries branch into at their terminal points?
- Brachial artery and axillary artery
- Internal and external iliac arteries (correct)
- Common femoral artery and popliteal artery
- Superior and inferior vena cava
Which artery primarily supplies the upper extremity?
Which artery primarily supplies the upper extremity?
What forms the superior vena cava?
What forms the superior vena cava?
What is the terminal branch of the femoral artery?
What is the terminal branch of the femoral artery?
What is the name of the area where the aorta bifurcates?
What is the name of the area where the aorta bifurcates?
Which vein is responsible for draining blood from the lower extremities?
Which vein is responsible for draining blood from the lower extremities?
Flashcards
Aorta
Aorta
The largest artery in the body, originating from the left ventricle of the heart and branching throughout the body.
Aortic Arch
Aortic Arch
The part of the aorta that curves upwards, then descends, then curves downwards again.
Axillary Artery
Axillary Artery
The largest artery that supplies the upper extremity, branching from the subclavian artery.
Internal Carotid Artery
Internal Carotid Artery
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External Carotid Artery
External Carotid Artery
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Superior Vena Cava
Superior Vena Cava
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Brachiocephalic Vein
Brachiocephalic Vein
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Inferior Vena Cava
Inferior Vena Cava
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Study Notes
Circulatory System II
- Venules have the lowest pressure
- Capillaries are crucial for gas exchange
Great Vessels
- The aorta is the largest artery, originating from the left ventricle
- It ascends, curves downwards, and then curves downwards again.
- Parts of the aorta are:
- Ascending aorta
- Aortic arch
- Descending aorta, which is further divided into:
- Thoracic aorta
- Abdominal aorta, locations varying by region
Aortic Arch
- Curves like an inverted U, superior to the heart
- Branches off into three major arteries:
- Brachiocephalic trunk
- Left common carotid artery
- Left subclavian artery
- Additional branches of aortic arch:
- Coronary arteries
- Gives off branches for specific organs, such as the lungs, head & neck, and upper extremities
Arteries of Upper Limb
- Subclavian artery
- Axillary artery
- Brachial artery continues as:
- Ulnar artery
- Radial artery
- Arteries of the upper limb are further branched to supply different structures
Arteries of Lower Limb
- Femoral artery, upon reaching the knee, becomes the popliteal artery
- Popliteal artery is branched into anterior and posterior arteries (parts) that continue
Veins of the Upper Limb
- Superficial and deep veins
- The deep ones have the same names (for example, radial vein) as their matching arteries
- Radial and ulnar veins merge to form brachial vein and ultimately the axillary vein
- Superficial veins such as basilic and cephalic come together.
Veins of the Lower Limb
- Superficial veins:
- Arcus venosus dorsalis pedis
- Great saphenous vein, continues to femoral vein
- Small saphenous vein empties into popliteal vein
- Deep veins:
- Anterior and posterior tibial veins and fibular veins drain into popliteal
- Popliteal vein is continuous with the femoral vein in the thigh region
Intravenous Injection
- Techniques for intravenous injections:
- Intramuscular
- Subcutaneous
- Intravenous
- Intradermal
- Using veins like basilic and cephalic for injections, proper puncture site preparation is key
- Important considerations in injection practices include angles (10-15 degrees)
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