Podcast
Questions and Answers
What is the first major artery given off by the aortic arch?
What is the first major artery given off by the aortic arch?
Which artery supplies the brain?
Which artery supplies the brain?
Where does the aorta bifurcate into the common iliac arteries?
Where does the aorta bifurcate into the common iliac arteries?
What does the axillary artery continue as?
What does the axillary artery continue as?
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Which vein unites with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein?
Which vein unites with the internal jugular vein to form the brachiocephalic vein?
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Which artery nourishes all structures in the head and neck except the brain?
Which artery nourishes all structures in the head and neck except the brain?
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What is the terminal branch of the femoral artery?
What is the terminal branch of the femoral artery?
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What structure does the superior vena cava drain blood from?
What structure does the superior vena cava drain blood from?
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Study Notes
Circulatory System II
- Venules have the lowest pressure.
- Capillaries are for gas exchange.
Great Vessels
- The aorta emerges from the left ventricle.
- It first moves upward, then curves downward and further downwards.
- Ascending aorta, aortic arch, and descending aorta.
- Descending aorta divides into thoracic and abdominal aorta, location depending on region.
Aortic Arch
- Curves to the left in a U-shape, superior to the heart.
- Gives off three major arteries: brachiocephalic trunk, left common carotid artery, and left subclavian artery, in that order.
- Brachiocephalic trunk branches into right common carotid artery and right subclavian artery.
Arteries in Arms and Hands
- Subclavian artery is the artery of the upper extremity.
- It continues as axillary, then brachial artery.
- Brachial artery terminates into ulnar and radial arteries.
- Radial pulse is felt on the wrist, under the thumb.
- Ulnar artery is on the medial, or other side of hand.
Common Carotid Artery
- Divides into internal and external carotid arteries.
- Internal carotid artery nourishes the brain. Structures of the head and neck not including the brain are nourished by the external carotid artery.
- Internal carotid artery goes into the skull's cavity.
Aorta Termination
- The aorta terminates by giving two terminal branches at the level of the L4 vertebra in the abdomen.
- Bifurcation of aorta is called the place where branching occurs.
- Right and Left Common Iliac arteries.
- Each common iliac artery ends by giving two terminal branches in the pelvis.
- Internal carotid artery supplies organs in the pelvis.
- External carotid artery continues as the femoral artery, supplying the lower extremity
Femoral Artery
- Reaches the back of the knee, becoming the popliteal artery.
- Popliteal artery branches into anterior and posterior arteries, supplying the knee area.
Veins of the Upper Limb
- Superficial and deep veins.
- Deep veins have the same names as arteries.
- Radial and Ulnar veins unite to form the brachial vein.
- Brachial vein becomes the axillary vein after passing through the pec major muscle.
- Axillary vein changes to subclavian vein after passing under the clavicle.
- Superficial veins are closer to the surface.
Superficial Veins of Upper Limb
- Superficial veins of the upper limb originate on the dorsal side of the hand.
- They are basilic vein (medial side) and cephalic vein (lateral side)
- The two veins unite, forming the shape of an "M".
- Median cubital vein comes from the middle of the forearm, at the elbow level.
Veins of the Lower Limb; Superficial
- Arcus venosus dorsalis pedis is a common structure in this part of the body.
- The great saphenous vein opens into the femoral vein.
- Small saphenous vein empties into the popliteal vein.
Deep Veins of the Lower Limb
- Anterior and posterior tibial veins and fibular veins drain into the popliteal vein.
- Popliteal vein continues as femoral vein in the thigh.
- Superficial veins go deeper down to the body, near the heart, for example.
Intravenous Injection
- Tourniquet is used to allow veins to be easier to find..
- Puncture site covered.
- Specimen retrieved.
- Angle of injection, different injection angles for different tissues.
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Description
This quiz covers the essential aspects of the circulatory system, focusing on the great vessels, including the aorta and its branches. It also explores the significant arteries supplying the arms and hands, detailing their paths and functions. Test your understanding of how these components work together for effective blood circulation.
